ArticleFrontiers in immunology2020
Plasma C4d Correlates With C4d Deposition in Kidneys and With Treatment Response in Lupus Nephritis Patients.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05082363 (The Expression Profile of New Complement Components in Childhood Lupus Nephritis), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Expression Profile of New Complement Components in Childhood Lupus Nephritis
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complement and kidney diseases: unlocking the opportunity of targeted treatments for glomerular diseases, including IgA nephropathy.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Glomerular Capillary C4d Staining in Native Kidney Biopsies: Associations with Proteinuric Phenotype and Reduced Likelihood of Early Proteinuria Remission.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Complement Dysregulation in Kidney Diseases: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Emerging Targeted Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Differential complement pathways and components in the clinical spectrum of systemic lupus erythematosus.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Proteolytic profiling of human plasma reveals an immunoactive complement C3 fragment.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Biomarkers in Lupus Nephritis: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Plasma C4d levels correlate with treatment response and renal activity in proliferative lupus nephritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Association of C4d with disease activity in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: evidence for classical/lectin complement pathway activation.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Complement factors as biomarkers in ANCA-associated vasculitis in remission.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- Accurate Visualization of C4d Complement Fragment in Immunohistochemistry by C-Terminal Linear Neoepitope-Specific Antibodies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Complement Activation in Nephrotic Glomerular Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Lupus Nephritis Biomarkers: A Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The role of complement in kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Proteomic analyses reveal cystatin c is a promising biomarker for evaluation of systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical proteomics · 2023Article
- Complement as a Biomarker for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Renal C4d is a potential biomarker of disease activity and severity in pediatric lupus nephritis patients.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Current Insights on Biomarkers in Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Cell type-specific mechanistic target of rapamycin-dependent distortion of autophagy pathways in lupus nephritis.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2022Review
- C4d as a Screening Tool and an Independent Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Lupus Nephritis and IgA Nephropathy.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Distinction of early complement classical and lectin pathway activationFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To examine whether C4d plasma levels correlate with treatment response and C4d kidney deposition in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with lupus nephritis (LN). Methods: C4d plasma levels were analyzed by a unique assay specifically detecting C4d arising from complement activation and C4 plasma levels were quantified with competitive ELISA. SLE patients with LN (71) and active SLE patients without LN (22) plus 145 controls were included. For 52 LN patients samples were available both at baseline and after immunosuppressive treatment. C4d kidney deposition was detected using immunohistochemistry in two matching kidney biopsies of 12 LN patients. Results: In comparison to population-based controls, plasma C4d levels were significantly increased in SLE patients (0.33 mg/L versus 0.94 mg/ml, Conclusion: Plasma C4d discriminates LN from active non-renal SLE, correlates with C4d kidney deposits and appears valuable in monitoring responsiveness to various treatments. The C4d/C4 ratio might be superior to C4d alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.