ArticlePopulation and development review2020
How Do Education and Family Planning Accelerate Fertility Decline?
Article in Population and development review, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Circadian-Light-Hygiene Hypothesis: A Potential Modulator of Fertility and Birthrate Trends.Biology · 2026Review
- Temporal trends and future projections of fertility and birth rates in Georgia: a retrospective observational study.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- The Contribution of Educational Changes to Fertility Declines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Studies in family planning · 2026Article
- Pooled prevalence of psychological distress and mental health conditions in older adults with inflammatory bowel disease: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Household wealth and timing of first birth among highly educated women in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from survey-adjusted survival analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Beyond Education and Contraceptive Use: Do Caste, Ethnicity, and Religion Influence Fertility Behavior in Nepal? Evidence from Six Rounds of DHS.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Reproductive choices, mobile technology and social media: insights from Nigerian women's family planning experiences.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- Determinant factors in the use of modern contraception in urban and rural areas in Western Indonesia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Reproductive Autonomy in Fertility Research in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.Studies in family planning · 2025Article
- An inevitably ageing world: analysis on the evolutionary pattern of age structure in 200 countries.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- The Educational Differentiation of African Birth Timing.Studies in family planning · 2025Article
- Family planning policy and gender in Nigeria: A thematic analysis of the government's health policy perspective.Sociology of health & illness · 2025Article
- Intention to use modern contraceptives among current nonusers of reproductive age in Uganda.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2024Article
- Demographic transition in South Korea: implications of falling birth rates.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2024Article
- Spatial distribution and factors associated with high completed fertility among women aged 40-49 years in Ghana: evidence from the 2022 Ghana Demographic Health Survey.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Lancet (London, England) · 2024Article
- BAYESIAN PROJECTIONS OF TOTAL FERTILITY RATE CONDITIONAL ON THE UNITED NATIONS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS.The annals of applied statistics · 2024Article
- Dietary Patterns and Fertility.Biology · 2024Review
- Fertility Has Been Framed: Why Family Planning Is Not a Silver Bullet for Sustainable Development.Studies in comparative international development · 2023Article
- Trends and factors associated with declining lifetime fertility among married women in Kenya between 2003 and 2014: an analysis of Kenya demographic health surveys.BMC public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Education and family planning can both be influenced by policy and are thought to accelerate fertility decline. However, questions remain about the nature of these effects. Does the effect of education operate through increasing educational attainment of women or educational enrollment of children? At which educational level is the effect strongest? Does the effect of family planning operate through increasing contraceptive prevalence or reducing unmet need? Is education or family planning more important? We assessed the quantitative impact of education and family planning in high-fertility settings using a regression framework inspired by Granger causality. We found that women's attainment of lower secondary education is key to accelerating fertility decline and found an accelerating effect of contraceptive prevalence for modern methods. We found the impact of contraceptive prevalence to be substantially larger than that of education. These accelerating effects hold in sub-Saharan Africa, but with smaller effect sizes there than elsewhere.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.