ArticleJournal of geriatric oncology2021
Immune checkpoint inhibitors retain effectiveness in older patients with cutaneous metastatic melanoma.
Article in Journal of geriatric oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Advanced Melanoma in Older Patients: An Overview of Published Data.Cancers · 2025Review
- Association of age with survival in older patients with cutaneous melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Journal of geriatric oncology · 2022Article
- Article
- Age-Based Disparities in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Treated in the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI)Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the treatment landscape for advanced melanoma, but their use in older patients remains understudied. An age-related decline in immune function is of concern when treating older patients because host immune factors can influence clinical outcomes with immunotherapy. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ICIs in patients 65 years and older.
methodsUsing the SEER-Medicare data, we evaluated survival by first systemic treatment type in a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 65 years and older who were diagnosed with stage IV cutaneous melanoma between 2012 and 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
resultsA total of 541 patients were included in this study. Median survival differed significantly between groups (p < 0.0001) and was longest in patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors (34.0 months), followed by CTLA-4 inhibitors (16.8 months), targeted therapy (9.7 months), chemotherapy (7.1 months), and no systemic therapy (3.6 months). The ICI survival benefit persisted after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, M stage, the presence of brain metastases, and evaluation at an NCI-designated cancer center. Hazard ratios comparing ICIs to no systemic therapy were 0.35 (95% CI: 0.24-0.52) for PD-1 inhibitors and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.37-0.63) for CTLA-4 inhibitors. We did not observe a difference in ICI effectiveness by age group (65-74 vs ≥75).
conclusionsIn a nationally representative cohort of patients with advanced melanoma, ICI therapy delivered in a real world setting significantly improved survival in patients aged 65 years and older.
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