Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33131490›Full record

ArticleBMC family practice2020

Development and evaluation of an online education tool on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder for general practitioners: the important contribution of co-production.

B French, D Daley, E Perez Vallejos, K Sayal, C L Hall

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC family practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Co-Creating Publicly Available Resources to Increase Awareness of and Support for Long Covid Among Ethnic Minority Communities.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

B FrenchDivision of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Blandine.french@nottingham.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-9395-5919
D DaleyDivision of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
E Perez VallejosDivision of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
K SayalDivision of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
C L HallDivision of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
University of Nottingham · GB

Funding

Economic and Social Research Council ES/JS001100/1Shire IME-GBR-20193
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is underdiagnosed in the UK and the assessment and diagnosis pathway often involves a general practitioner (GP) referral to secondary care services. GPs' levels of knowledge and understanding about ADHD is often a significant barrier in patients accessing care. The development of an online education resource could improve GPs knowledge of ADHD and optimise appropriate referrals. Involving end-users in co-creating interventions may enhance their clinical utility and impact routine clinical practice. However, there is limited published evidence describing how to meaningfully involve stakeholders in both the design and development components of co-production.

methodWe report a step wise, co-production approach towards developing an online ADHD education intervention for GPs. Preparatory work highlighted the relevant topics to be included in the intervention, from which educational videos were then developed. Workshops were then conducted with GPs, leading to further refinement of the video content and subsequently the final intervention. A pilot usability study (n = 10 GPs) was then conducted to assess the intervention's acceptability, feasibility and accessibility.

resultsThe development of the online intervention was greatly facilitated by the involvement of GPs. Having a co-production development process ensured the consistent adaptation of the intervention to meet GPs' needs. The usability study showed that the content of the intervention was suitable, easily accessible, engaging and delivered at an acceptable level of intensity, validating the development approach taken.

conclusionWhile further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the developed intervention, preliminary findings demonstrated that it was acceptable and well received. The importance of co-development was highlighted in developing an intervention that addresses specific needs for GPs. This development approach may be useful for other researchers and developers of clinical interventions.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityEducation, DistanceGeneral PractitionersHumansPilot ProjectsReferral and ConsultationADHDGeneral practitionersOnline intervention

Identifiers

PMID33131490
PMCPMC7604955
OpenAlexW3096870960

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.