ReviewPharmacotherapy2021
Immunosuppression trends in solid organ transplantation: The future of individualization, monitoring, and management.
Review in Pharmacotherapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Graft rejection across solid organ transplants: mechanisms, monitoring, and immunosuppressive therapeutics.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Cancer risk in people living with HIV and solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Incisional hernias post renal transplant: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association Between Solid Organ Transplantation and Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryPooled it
- Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Mycophenolate Sodium Enteric-Coated Tablets Under Fasting and Fed Conditions: A Single-Dose, Open-Label, Four-Period Replicated Crossover Study in Healthy Chinese Male Subjects.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Results of a multicenter cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial testing the effectiveness of a bioinformatics-enabled pharmacist intervention in transplant recipients.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Trial
- Objectively Measured Photoaging and Skin Cancer in Organ Transplant Recipients.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Calcineurin Inhibitor-Based Triple Immunosuppressive Therapy Induces Profibrotic Changes in the Jejunal Mucosa of Male Rats: A Digital Image Analysis of Collagen Fibers.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Solid Organ Transplantation and Body Contouring Surgery: A Case Series and Single-Center Experience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and ABCB1 genetic variants on tacrolimus metabolism during the early period after kidney transplantation.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2026Article
- Population-level cancer trends among solid organ transplant recipients in the United States during 1995-2021.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Strategies for Managing Viral Infections in Solid Organ Transplantation: Progress and Challenges.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Pneumonia after Solid Organ Transplantation.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- The Impact of Recipient HIV Status on Kidney Transplant Outcomes in the United Kingdom: Have Previous Studies Overestimated Risk?Transplantation · 2026Article
- Skin Cancer in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Review.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Transforming nephrology through artificial intelligence: a state-of-the-art roadmap for clinical integration.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Belatacept in Solid Organ Transplantation: Current Kidney Applications, Future Perspectives in Other Organs, and Clinical Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cost Impact of a Novel Pre-transplant Risk Assessment Tool for Early Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplant Patients.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2026Article
- Immunosuppression after pediatric liver transplantation may lead to early and prolonged acute thymic involution: findings from a pilot longitudinal study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immunosuppression regimens used in solid organ transplant have evolved significantly over the past 70 years in the United States. Early immunosuppression and targets for allograft success were measured by incidence and severity of allograft rejection and 1-year patient survival. The limited number of agents, infancy of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching techniques and lack of understanding of immunoreactivity limited the early development of effective regimens. The 1980s and 1990s saw incredible advancements in these areas, with acute rejection rates halving in a short span of time. However, the constant struggle to achieve the optimal balance between under- and overimmunosuppression is weaved throughout the history of transplant immunosuppression. The aim of this paper is to discuss the different eras of immunosuppression and highlight the important milestones that were achieved while also discussing this in the context of rational agent selection and regimen design. This discussion sets the stage for how we can achieve optimal long-term outcomes during the next era of immunosuppression, which will move from universal protocols to patient-specific optimization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.