Observational studyJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2021
Association of Hospitalization with Long-Term Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults.
Observational study in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of the CARES® Dementia 5-Step Method for Hospitals™ Online Training and Certification Program for hospital staff.Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)Trial
- Rehabilitation and the post-intensive care syndrome across the recovery continuum: a narrative review.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Effect of hospitalization on cognitive and physical function in people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Continuity of primary care and end-of-life care costs in dementia: a retrospective cohort study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026Article
- Cognitive Decline in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Scoping Review.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2025Article
- All-Cause Acute Illness Hospitalisations in the Preceding Two Years Are Associated With Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Article
- Interplay between oxidative stress and physical exercise in hospitalized older adults: a secondary analysis of an RCT using malondialdehyde as a biomarker.Frontiers in aging · 2025Article
- State-Level Adverse Outcomes Among Long-Term Services and Supports Users With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2024Article
- 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- The Association of Cognitive Impairment With Depressive Symptoms, Function, and Pain in Hospitalized Older Patients With Dementia.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2023Article
- Association of Indication for Hospitalization With Subsequent Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Instruments Assessing Cognitive Impairment in Survivors of Critical Illness and Reporting of Race Norms: A Systematic Review.Critical care explorations · 2022Review
- Association of Trimethylamine N-Oxide with Normal Aging and Neurocognitive Disorders: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Preserving independence among under-resourced older adults in the Southeastern United States: existing barriers and potential strategies for research.International journal for equity in health · 2022Review
- Primary care contacts, continuity, identification of palliative care needs, and hospital use: a population-based cohort study in people dying with dementia.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022Article
- Gait Speed and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults After Hospitalization: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2021Article
- Hospitalisation without delirium is not associated with cognitive decline in a population-based sample of older people-results from a nested, longitudinal cohort study.Age and ageing · 2021Article
- Association of Infection-Related Hospitalization With Cognitive Impairment Among Nursing Home Residents.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importanceHospitalizations are associated with cognitive decline in older adults.
objectiveTo determine the association between hospitalization characteristics and the trajectory of cognitive function in older adults.
designPopulation-based longitudinal study of cognitive aging.
settingOlmsted Medical Center and Mayo Clinic, the only centers in Olmsted County, Minnesota, with hospitalization capacity.
participantsIndividuals without dementia at baseline, with consecutive cognitive assessments from 2004 through 2017, and at least one visit after the age of 60. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was longitudinal changes in global cognitive z-score. Secondary outcomes were changes in four cognitive domains: memory, attention/executive function, language, and visuospatial skills. Hospitalization characteristics analyzed included elective versus nonelective, medical versus surgical, critical care versus no critical care admission, and long versus short duration admissions.
resultsOf 4,587 participants, 1,622 had 1 and more hospital admission. Before hospitalization, the average slope of the global z-score was -0.031 units/year. After hospitalization, the rate of annual global z-score accelerated by -0.051 (95% CI = -0.057, -0.045) units, P < .001, resulting in an estimated annual slope after the first hospitalization of -0.082. The accelerated decline was found in all four cognitive domains (memory, visuospatial, language, and executive, all P < .001). The acceleration of the decline in global z-score following hospitalization was greater for medical compared to surgical hospitalizations (slope change following hospitalization = -0.064 vs -0.034 for medical vs surgical, P < .001), and nonelective compared to elective admissions (slope change following hospitalization = -0.075 vs -0.037 for nonelective vs elective, P < .001). The acceleration of cognitive decline was not different for hospitalization with intensive care unit admission versus not.
conclusionsHospitalization of older adults is associated with accelerated decline of global and domain-specific cognitive domains, with the rate of decline dependent upon type of admission. The clinical impact of this accelerated decline will depend on the individual's baseline cognitive reserve and expected longevity.
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Registered trials
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