ArticleJournal of virology2021
A Founder Effect Led Early SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Spain.
Article in Journal of virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tracking the shifting landscape of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Lebanon among healthcare workers and hospitalized patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2: a resource-efficient wastewater-based workflow.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Viral genotype and the pace of epidemic waves: an assessment from SARS-CoV 2 genomics and wastewater surveillance data.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Immune response dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in chronic lymphocytic leukemia individuals: a descriptive analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The role of traditional NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors on COVID-19 outcomes: a real-world data study.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Article
- Early unrecognised SARS-CoV-2 introductions shaped the first pandemic wave, Sweden, 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- The molecular epidemiology of a dengue virus outbreak in Taiwan: population wide versus infrapopulation mutation analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Evolutionary trajectory of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants at the beginning of COVID-19 outbreak.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Genomic characterisation of respiratory syncytial virus: a novel system for whole genome sequencing and full-length G and F gene sequences.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the First and Second Pandemic Waves in Spain: the ENE-COVID Study.American journal of public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Developing an appropriate evolutionary baseline model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 patient samples.PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- Article
- The P323L substitution in the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase (NSP12) confers a selective advantage during infection.Genome biology · 2023Article
- The race to understand immunopathology in COVID-19: Perspectives on the impact of quantitative approaches to understand within-host interactions.Immunoinformatics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Review
- Clinical Manifestation, Transmission, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis of Monkeypox Virus: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Persistence of a Frameshifting Deletion in SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a for the Duration of a Major Outbreak.Viruses · 2023Article
- Colchicine and risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19: A population-based study.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) whole-genome analysis has identified five large clades worldwide which emerged in 2019 (19A and 19B) and in 2020 (20A, 20B, and 20C). This study aimed to analyze the diffusion of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain using maximum-likelihood phylogenetic and Bayesian phylodynamic analyses. The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was estimated to have emerged in Wuhan, China, around 24 November 2019. Phylogenetic analyses of the first 12,511 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences obtained worldwide, including 290 from 11 different regions of Spain, revealed 62 independent introductions of the virus in the country. Most sequences from Spain were distributed in clades characterized by a D614G substitution in the S gene (20A, 20B, and 20C) and an L84S substitution in ORF8 (19B) with 163 and 118 sequences, respectively, with the remaining sequences branching in 19A. A total of 110 (38%) sequences from Spain grouped in four different monophyletic clusters of clade 20A (20A-Sp1 and 20A-Sp2) and 19B clade (19B-Sp1 and 19B-Sp2) along with sequences from 29 countries worldwide. The MRCAs of clusters 19A-Sp1, 20A-Sp1, 19A-Sp2, and 20A-Sp2 were estimated to have occurred in Spain around 21 and 29 January and 6 and 17 February 2020, respectively. The prevalence of clade 19B in Spain (40%) was by far higher than in any other European country during the first weeks of the epidemic, probably as a result of a founder effect. However, this variant was replaced by G614-bearing viruses in April.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.