ReviewBMC gastroenterology2020
Beyond the scope and the glue: update on evaluation and management of gastric varices.
Review in BMC gastroenterology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-Onset Gastric Varices After Fontan Completion Associated with a Pre-Existing Gastro-Renal Shunt.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Pathophysiological management of gastric varices: From hemodynamics to targeted therapies.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Endoscopic ultrasound-guided coil-assisted retrograde transgastric occlusion of shunt efferent for gastric variceal bleeding.VideoGIE : an official video journal of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy · 2026Article
- Endohepatology: Evolving Indications, Challenges, Unmet Needs and Opportunities.Gastro hep advances · 2026Review
- Endoscopic ultrasound-guided coil embolization for gastric varices: A promising alternative to traditional therapies.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Review
- Assessment of hemodynamic changes in gastric varices using CT findings before and after vascular plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration (PARTO) and evaluation of treatment outcomes.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Article
- TIPS versus endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for the treatment of gastric fundal variceal rebleeding: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Article
- [Paradoxical roles of spontaneous portosystemic shunts and their management strategy in splenectomy with devascularization].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Understanding Portosystemic Collateral Anatomy.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2025Review
- Endoscopic ultrasound-guided therapies versus retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric varices: Multicenter propensity matched analysis.Endoscopy international open · 2025Article
- Coil-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration for managing complex gastric variceal bleeding: a pediatric case report and review of techniques.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Management of Gastric Variceal Bleed by Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate Injection: A Case Series.Cureus · 2024Article
- Portal vein computed tomography imaging characteristics and their relationship with bleeding risk in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing interventional therapy.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Article
- Reduction of portosystemic gradient during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt achieves good outcome and reduces complications.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Article
- The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Hepatology.Gut and liver · 2023Review
- Comparison of efficacy and safety of endoscopic and radiological interventions for gastric varices: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2023Article
- EUS-guided cyanoacrylate injection into the perforating vein versus direct endoscopic injection in the treatment of gastric varices.Endoscopy international open · 2023Article
- Clinical outcomes related to portal pressures before and after embolization of large portosystemic shunts in cirrhosis.SAGE open medicine · 2023Article
- Endoscopic ultrasound-guided diagnosis and treatment of gastric varices.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gastric varices are encountered less frequently than esophageal varices. Nonetheless, gastric variceal bleeding is more severe and associated with worse outcomes. Conventionally, gastric varices have been described based on the location and extent and endoscopic treatments offered based on these descriptions. With improved understanding of portal hypertension and the dynamic physiology of collateral circulation, gastric variceal classification has been refined to include inflow and outflow based hemodynamic pathways. These have led to an improvement in the management of gastric variceal disease through newer modalities of treatment such as endoscopic ultrasound-guided glue-coiling combination therapy and the emergence of highly effective endovascular treatments such as shunt and variceal complex embolization with or without transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement in patients who are deemed 'difficult' to manage the traditional way. Furthermore, the decisions regarding TIPS and additional endovascular procedures in patients with gastric variceal bleeding have changed after the emergence of 'portal hypertension theories' of proximity, throughput, and recruitment. The hemodynamic classification, grounded on novel theories and its cognizance, can help in identifying patients at baseline, in whom conventional treatment could fail. In this exhaustive review, we discuss the conventional and hemodynamic diagnosis of gastric varices concerning new classifications; explore and illustrate new 'portal hypertension theories' of gastric variceal disease and corresponding management and shed light on current evidence-based treatments through a 'new' algorithmic approach, established on hemodynamic physiology of gastric varices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.