ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Electroactive Phenolic Contributors and Antioxidant Capacity of Flesh and Peel of 11 Apple Cultivars Measured by Cyclic Voltammetry and HPLC-DAD-MS/MS.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyphenols and Cardiovascular Health: Emerging Relevance for Blueberries, Grapes, and Red-Fleshed Table Grapes.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Effect of rubusoside, a natural sucrose substitute, on the metabolism of Scardovia wiggsiae: a novel potential cariogenic pathogen.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Autofluorescence and Metabotyping of Soybean Varieties Using Confocal Laser Microscopy and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Approaches.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sustainable Exploitation of Apple By-Products: A Retrospective Analysis of Pilot-Scale Extraction Tests Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Phytochemical profiling of Thai plant-based milk alternatives: Insights into bioactive compounds, antioxidant activities, prebiotics, and amino acid abundance.Food chemistry: X · 2025Article
- Valorisation of apple pomace for the development of high-fibre and polyphenol-rich wheat flour cookies.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Assessing Antioxidant Properties, Phenolic Compound Profiles, Organic Acids, and Sugars in Conventional Apple Cultivars (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Environment on the Metabolic Profile of Medicinal Plants and Their Therapeutic Potential.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- High-throughput analysis of anthocyanins in horticultural crops using probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (PESI/MS/MS).Horticulture research · 2023Article
- Effects of Bee Pollen on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota and Histomorphometry in African Catfish.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Development of a Chemically Modified Sensor Based on a Pentapeptide and Its Application for Sensitive Detection of Verbascoside in Extra Virgin Olive Oil.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Sensitive Detection of Hydroxytyrosol in Extra Virgin Olive Oils with a Novel Biosensor Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Tyrosinase.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Antibiofilm and Anti-Quorum Sensing Potential of Cycloartane-Type Triterpene Acids from Cameroonian Grassland Propolis: Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Extract.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Assessment of the Antioxidant Activity of Catechin in Nutraceuticals: Comparison between a Newly Developed Electrochemical Method and Spectrophotometric Methods.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Electrochemical Methodologies for Investigating the Antioxidant Potential of Plant and Fruit Extracts: A Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Antioxidants: Classification, Natural Sources, Activity/Capacity Measurements, and Usefulness for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Assessment of In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Polyphenols from Annurca, Limoncella, Red Delicious, and Golden Delicious Apples Using a Sequential Enzymatic Digestion Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- To Be or Not to Be… An Antioxidant? That Is the Question.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study, 11 apple cultivars were characterized by their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant, reducing, and chelating capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays; and ferrous ion chelating capacity. The phenolic compounds in flesh and peel were determined by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and diode array detector (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and their electroactivity by CV. The results showed higher TPC, TFC, and antioxidant capacity by DPPH test in the peels of all apple cultivars as compared to the respective flesh. The peel extracts also showed two-fold higher FRAP values as compared to the flesh extracts. The reducing capacity of the peel and flesh determined by CV measurements confirmed the results achieved by spectrophotometric methods of evaluating antioxidant capacity. There was no significant difference in chelating capacity in the peel and flesh. The HPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis showed the presence of 11 phenolic compounds in the peel and flesh which varied in antioxidant, reducing, and chelating activity. The order of the phenolic compound content in flesh and peel in Quinte cultivar, which showed the highest antioxidant capacity, was as follows: epicatechin > chlorogenic acid > quercetin 3-arabinoside > quercetin 3-glucoside > cyanidin 3-galactoside > quercetin 3-rhamnoside > catechin > phloridzin > rutin > phloretin = quercetin. CV results were highly correlated with those obtained by spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, providing evidence to support the use of cyclic voltammetry as a rapid method to determine the phenolic profile and reducing the power of apple flesh and peel. The association between antioxidant assays and phenolic compound content showed that the highest contribution to the antioxidant capacity of apple peel and flesh was provided by catechin, epicatechin, and cyadinin-3-galactoside, while phloretin, phloridzin, and chlorogenic acid were the main contributors to chelating activity. Results from this study clearly indicate that removing the peel from apples may induce a significant loss of antioxidants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.