ArticleMolecular immunology2020
Cartilaginous fish class II genes reveal unprecedented old allelic lineages and confirm the late evolutionary emergence of DM.
Article in Molecular immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Allele co-segregation and haplotype diversity of MHC IIβ genes in the small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula.Immunogenetics · 2025Article
- An Ancestral Major Histocompatibility Complex Organization in Cartilaginous Fish: Reconstructing MHC Origin and Evolution.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Extensive MHC class IIβ diversity across multiple loci in the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula).Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Some thoughts about what non-mammalian jawed vertebrates are telling us about antigen processing and peptide loading of MHC molecules.Current opinion in immunology · 2022Review
- Ecological Risks Due to Immunotoxicological Effects on Aquatic Organisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- A Highly Complex, MHC-Linked, 350 Million-Year-Old Shark Nonclassical Class I Lineage.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cartilaginous fish (chimaeras, rays and sharks) are the most basal extant jawed vertebrates with an adaptive immune system based on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Despite being a key taxon in the evolution of vertebrate adaptive immunity, no comprehensive characterization of MHC class II genes has been undertaken for the group. We performed extensive bioinformatic searches on a taxonomically diverse dataset of transcriptomes and genomes of cartilaginous fish targeting MHC class II sequences. Class IIα and IIβ sequences were retrieved from all taxa analyzed and showed typical features of classical class II genes. Phylogenetic trees of the immunoglobulin superfamily domain showed two divergent and remarkably ancient lineages of class II genes in Selachians (sharks), originating >350 million years ago. Close linkage of lineage-specific pairs of IIα and IIβ genes was found, confirming previous results, with genes from distinct lineages segregating as alleles. Nonclassical class II DM sequences were not retrieved from these data and classical class II sequences lacked the conserved residues shown to interact with DM molecules, supporting claims that the DM system arose only in the lobe-finned fish lineage leading to tetrapods. Based on our search methods, other divergent class II genes are unlikely in cartilaginous fish.
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