ArticleOncology reports2020
Effects and mechanisms of fatty acid metabolism‑mediated glycolysis regulated by betulinic acid‑loaded nanoliposomes in colorectal cancer.
Article in Oncology reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting PKM2 in cancer therapeutics: mechanistic advances and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- NFκB and JNK pathways mediate metabolic adaptation upon ESCRT-I deficiency.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Advancements in Betulinic Acid-Loaded Nanoformulations for Enhanced Anti-Tumor Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Phytochemicals Target Multiple Metabolic Pathways in Cancer.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Role of glycolysis in inflammatory bowel disease and its associated colorectal cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Bioactive small-molecule constituents of Lao plants.Journal of medicinal plant research · 2021Article
- Assessment of Betulinic Acid Cytotoxicity and Mitochondrial Metabolism Impairment in a Human Melanoma Cell Line.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase System: A New Target for Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Therapy?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2025-09-23Author Unresponsive · Concerns/Issues about Data · Duplication of Data · Euphemisms for Duplication · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Unreliable Data · · See also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/CFA6D791692507AB70F4A02950CC4F
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although previous studies have demonstrated that triterpenoids, such as betulinic acid (BA), can inhibit tumor cell growth, their potential targets in colorectal cancer (CRC) metabolism have not been systematically investigated. In the present study, BA‑loaded nanoliposomes (BA‑NLs) were prepared, and their effects on CRC cell lines were evaluated. The aim of the present study was to determine the anticancer mechanisms of action of BA‑NLs in fatty acid metabolism‑mediated glycolysis, and investigate the role of key targets, such as acyl‑CoA synthetase (ACSL), carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) and acetyl CoA, in promoting glycolysis, which is activated by inducing hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase‑1 (PFK‑1), phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and pyruvate kinase (PK) expression. The results demonstrated that BA‑NLs significantly suppressed the proliferation and glucose uptake of CRC cells by regulating potential glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism targets and pathways, which forms the basis of the anti‑CRC function of BA‑NLs. Moreover, the effects of BA‑NLs were further validated by demonstrating that the key targets of HK2, PFK‑1, PEP and PK isoenzyme M2 (PKM2) in glycolysis, and of ACSL1, CPT1a and PEP in fatty acid metabolism, were blocked by BA‑NLs, which play key roles in the inhibition of glycolysis and fatty acid‑mediated production of pyruvate and lactate. The results of the present study may provide a deeper understanding supporting the hypothesis that liposomal BA may regulate alternative metabolic pathways implicated in CRC adjuvant therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.