ReviewPharmacology research & perspectives2020
Climate change in healthcare: Exploring the potential role of inhaler prescribing.
Review in Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Estimation of carbon emissions from inhaled respiratory medicines in Ireland: a cross-sectional study from a national pharmacy claims database from 2020 to 2022.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Assessment of greenhouse gas emission of type 2 diabetes management in adults: a modelling study in the UK.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Prescription patterns of inhaler medications from 2017 to 2023: A retrospective study using Ontario administrative healthcare data.PloS one · 2026Article
- Inhaler use and their carbon footprint in Germany: a 10-year analysis (2013-2022).BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Modelling the climate impact of inhalers and mitigation strategies: a population-based study in British Columbia, Canada (2015-2032).BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Ecological footprint of salbutamol administration by metered-dose inhaler versus nebulisation in acute asthma: a life-cycle assessment.JRSM open · 2025Article
- Utilization and access to metered-dose inhalers and sustainable alternatives among older adults in the United States: a population-based study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Environmental impact of inhaled medicines: A Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand position statement.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Review
- Contributions of Medical Greenhouse Gases to Climate Change and Their Possible Alternatives.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Review
- Climate-conscious inhaler prescribing for family physicians.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2024Review
- The Impact of Climate Change on Respiratory Care: A Scoping Review.The journal of climate change and health · 2024Article
- Barriers and enablers to implementing environmentally sustainable practices in healthcare: A scoping review and proposed roadmap.Healthcare management forum · 2023Article
- Development of a Self-Assessment Audit Instrument to Support Climate-Conscious Community Pharmacy Practice and Education.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The use of fluorinated gases and quantification of carbon emission for common vitreoretinal procedures.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- Temporal and geographical variation in low carbon inhaler dispensing in England, 2016 to 2021: an ecological study.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2023Article
- Environmental impact of inhaler devices on respiratory care: a narrative review.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2023Review
- Antivirals and the Potential Benefits of Orally Inhaled Drug Administration in COVID-19 Treatment.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Use of single-inhaler triple therapy in the management of obstructive airway disease: Indian medical experts' review.ERJ open research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Climate change has been described as the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. As a result, governments around the world are committing to legislative change in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs). The healthcare sector makes a significant contribution to GHGEs and in line with national legislation in the UK, the NHS has recently committed to achieving net zero emissions by 2050. The management of asthma and COPD largely depends on the prescribing of medications that are delivered through inhalers. In the UK, the use of pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs), which rely on hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) propellants accounts for 3.5% of the NHS's total carbon footprint. In contrast, dry powder inhalers (DPIs) have a much lower carbon footprint due to the absence of a HFC propellant. Here we review evidence of the impact of inhaler choices across four domains: environmental impact, clinical effectiveness, cost effectiveness and patient preferences. We find that as well as a lower global-warming potential, DPIs have additional benefits over pMDIs in other domains and should be considered first line where clinically appropriate.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.