ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2020
Consumption and Lack of Access to Medicines and Associated Factors in the Brazilian Amazon: A Cross-Sectional Study, 2019.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring factors affecting access to non-communicable disease medicines in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Temporal Trend in Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors Sales in Brazilian Drugstores.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Article
- COVID-19 pandemic and the consumption of self-care products for pediculosis capitis in Portugal: an interrupted time-series analysis.Parasitology research · 2024Article
- Assessing pharmaceutical consultations: Comparing pharmacy-recommended medications for minor ailments and regulatory compliance in a Latin American healthcare network.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2023Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy and potential drug interactions in adults in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study, 2019.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2022Article
- Health services utilization in the Brazilian Amazon: panel of two cross-sectional studies.Revista de saude publica · 2022Article
- Do Drug Accessibility and OOP Burden Affect Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients With Chronic Diseases? - EQ-5D-5L Evaluation Evidence From Five Districts in China.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveWe aimed to investigate the consumption and lack of access to medicines in the adult population of Manaus, Amazonas.
methodsA population-based study was conducted in Manaus in 2019. Individuals aged ≥18 years were selected by probabilistic sampling performed in three stages. Study outcomes included the consumption of medicines in the previous fortnight and the lack of access to treatments in those who used any medicine. We calculated the prevalence ratios (PR) for the outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by Poisson regression with robust variance, considering the complex sampling design.
resultsOut of the 2,321 participants, 53.2% (95%CI 50.7-55.7%) consumed medicines, of which 14.4% (95% CI 11.9-16.8%) could not obtain appropriate treatments. Analgesics were the most used medicines (557/2,702; 21.4%), whereas antibiotics were the most inaccessible treatments (18/228; 7.9%). Lack of financial resources was the main reason for not accessing treatments (104/228; 45.6%). Consumption was significantly associated with older age (≥60 years: PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.09-1.49), lower social class (D/E: PR = 0.84; 95%CI 0.72-0.99), lower educational level (p = 0.039), poor health status (PR = 1.30; 95%CI 1.11-1.52), use of health care services (PR = 1.37; 95%CI 1.26-1.49), and chronic diseases (PR = 1.36; 95%CI 1.22-1.52). Lack of access was higher in people with poor health status (PR = 2.46; 95%CI 1.50-4.04) and chronic diseases (PR = 1.84; 95%CI 1.16-2.92).
conclusionHalf of Manaus' population used medicines, which was higher in socially privileged and sicker individuals. Among those, 14 in every 100 could not access drug therapies, which was more frequent in people with poor health and with chronic diseases.
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