ArticleFrontiers in neuroanatomy2020
Histological Evidence for the Enteric Nervous System and the Choroid Plexus as Alternative Routes of Neuroinvasion by SARS-CoV2.
Article in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review and detailed comprehension.The International journal of neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune pathophysiology of long COVID.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Review
- A Disease Hidden in Plain Sight: Pathways and Mechanisms of Neurological Complications of Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (NC-PASC).Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Mapping ACE2 and TMPRSS2 co-expression in human brain tissue: implications for SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 induces blood-brain barrier and choroid plexus barrier impairments and vascular inflammation in mice.Journal of medical virology · 2024Article
- Review
- COVID-19 and the brain: understanding the pathogenesis and consequences of neurological damage.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Post-COVID dysautonomias: what we know and (mainly) what we don't know.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infects epithelial cells of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier rather than endothelial cells or pericytes of the blood-brain barrier.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and Brain Health: New Challenges in the Era of the Pandemic.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Long COVID-19 Pathophysiology: What Do We Know So Far?Microorganisms · 2023Review
- COVID-19-induced gastrointestinal autonomic dysfunction: A systematic review.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Article
- Enteric nervous system as a target and source of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2023Review
- The Potential Role of Microorganisms on Enteric Nervous System Development and Disease.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Microglia innate immune response contributes to the antiviral defense and blood-CSF barrier function in human choroid plexus organoids during HSV-1 infection.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Aquaporin-1 and Aquaporin-4 Expression in Ependyma, Choroid Plexus and Surrounding Transition Zones in the Human Brain.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Induces Epithelial-Enteric Neuronal Crosstalk Stimulating VIP Release.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Brain Renin-Angiotensin System: From Physiology to Pathology in Neuronal Complications Induced by SARS-CoV-2.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2023Review
- COVID-19 and neurological disorders: what might connect Parkinson's disease to SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evidence is mounting that the novel corona virus SARS-CoV2 inflicts neurological symptoms in a subgroup of COVID-19 patients. While plenty of theories on the route of neuroinvasion have been proposed, little histological evidence has been presented supporting any of these hypotheses. Therefore, we carried out immunostainings for ACE2 and TMPRSS2, two proteinases crucial for the entry of SARS-CoV2 into host cells, in the human enteric nervous system (ENS), as well as in the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles. Both of these sites are important, yet often neglected entry gates to the nervous system. We found that ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed by enteric neurons and glial cells of the small and large intestine, as well as choroid plexus epithelial cells, indicating that these cells meet the molecular requirements for viral entry. Together, our results are fundamental histological evidence substantiating current theories of neuroinvasion by SARS-CoV2.
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