ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
It is unclear how important CRISPR-Cas systems are for protecting natural populations of bacteria against infections by mobile genetic elements.
Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dynamic balance of CRISPR-Cas immunity and resistance plasmid anti-immunity mediated by a bifunctional protein AcrIE10.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Molecular kinetics dictate population dynamics in CRISPR-based plasmid defense.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A CRISPR array orchestrates virulence and host response inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Comparative Genomics Reveals Multipartite Genomes Undergoing Loss in the Fungal Endosymbiotic Genus Mycetohabitans.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Phage susceptibility to a minimal, modular synthetic CRISPR-Cas system inPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- The virulence regulator CovR boosts CRISPR-Cas9 immunity in Group B Streptococcus.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Deep mutational scanning identifies Cas1 and Cas2 variants that enhance type II-A CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Comparative genomic analysis of Flavobacterium species causing columnaris disease of freshwater fish in Thailand: insights into virulence and resistance mechanisms.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Bacteria exploit viral dormancy to establish CRISPR-Cas immunity.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Timescale and genetic linkage explain the variable impact of defense systems on horizontal gene transfer.Genome research · 2025Article
- Adaptive modification of antiviral defense systems in microbial community under Cr-induced stress.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Engineering Phages to Fight Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition is a rare event in human gut microbiome.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Evolution of the CRISPR-Cas9 defence system inMicrobial genomics · 2024Article
- Assessing the Role of Bacterial Innate and Adaptive Immunity as Barriers to Conjugative Plasmids.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Conditions for the spread of CRISPR-Cas immune systems into bacterial populations.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Trade-offs between receptor modification and fitness drive host-bacteriophage co-evolution leading to phage extinction or co-existence.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Sub-MIC antibiotics increased the fitness cost of CRISPR-Cas inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Articles on CRISPR commonly open with some variant of the phrase "these short palindromic repeats and their associated endonucleases (Cas) are an adaptive immune system that exists to protect bacteria and archaea from viruses and infections with other mobile genetic elements." There is an abundance of genomic data consistent with the hypothesis that CRISPR plays this role in natural populations of bacteria and archaea, and experimental demonstrations with a few species of bacteria and their phage and plasmids show that CRISPR-Cas systems can play this role in vitro. Not at all clear are the ubiquity, magnitude, and nature of the contribution of CRISPR-Cas systems to the ecology and evolution of natural populations of microbes and the strength of selection mediated by different types of phage and plasmids to the evolution and maintenance of CRISPR-Cas systems. In this perspective, with the aid of heuristic mathematical-computer simulation models, we explore the a priori conditions under which exposure to lytic and temperate phage and conjugative plasmids will select for and maintain CRISPR-Cas systems in populations of bacteria and archaea. We review the existing literature addressing these ecological and evolutionary questions and highlight the experimental and other evidence needed to fully understand the conditions responsible for the evolution and maintenance of CRISPR-Cas systems and the contribution of these systems to the ecology and evolution of bacteria, archaea, and the mobile genetic elements that infect them.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.