ArticlePharmaceutics2020
Oral Insulin Delivery Using Poly (Styrene Co-Maleic Acid) Micelles in a Diabetic Mouse Model.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Styrene Maleic Acid Lipid Particles Prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Plasma Membrane can Potentially Induce Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Healthy Individuals of a Tuberculosis Hyperendemic Region.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic peptides and proteins: Status and developments in drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Review
- A Schiff-Base Molecular Probe for Selective Fluorescence Sensing of Maleic Acid with Recognition of Maleic Acid in Food Additives and Cell Imaging.Journal of fluorescence · 2025Article
- Styrene-maleic acid-thymoquinone nanomicelles preparation, and their in vitro and in vivo application in a model of TNBC.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Article
- The Dilemma of Insulin Delivery into the Brain: A Comprehensive Review.Current drug delivery · 2025Review
- Advances in Nanomedicine for Precision Insulin Delivery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bilosomes as Nanocarriers for the Drug and Vaccine Delivery against Gastrointestinal Infections: Opportunities and Challenges.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Current Technologies for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Quality of Life-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Immunochemical characterisation of styrene maleic acid lipid particles prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis plasma membrane.PloS one · 2023Article
- Emerging Treatment Strategies for Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications: An Update.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Enhanced Anticancer Activity of Nanoformulation of Dasatinib against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Non-Invasive Drug Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- A Review of Current Trends with Type 2 Diabetes Epidemiology, Aetiology, Pathogenesis, Treatments and Future Perspectives.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The oral delivery of insulin is a convenient and safe physiological route of administration for management of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we developed a poly-(styrene-co-maleic acid) (SMA) micellar system for oral insulin delivery to overcome the rapid degradation of insulin in the stomach, improve its absorption in the intestine, and provide a physiologically-relevant method of insulin to reach portal circulation. The insulin was encapsulated into SMA micelles in a pH-dependent process. The charge and size of the nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering. The insulin loading of the nanoparticles was measured by HPLC. The transport of the SMA-insulin through biological membranes was assessed in vitro using Caco-2 cells, ex vivo rat intestinal section, and in vivo in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse model. SMA-insulin micelles were negatively charged and had a mean diameter of 179.7 nm. SMA-insulin efficiently stimulated glucose uptake in HepG-2 hepatic cells and was transported across the Caco-2 epithelial cells in vitro by 46% and ex vivo across intestinal epithelium by 22%. The animal studies demonstrated that orally-administered SMA-insulin can produce a hypoglycemic effect up to 3 h after administration of one dose. Overall, our results indicate that SMA micelles are capable of the oral delivery of bioactive compounds like insulin and can be effective tools in the management of diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.