Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33118930›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2021

Smart polymer implants as an emerging technology for treating airway collapse in obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot (proof of concept) study.

Anders William Sideris, Gordon Wallace, Matthew Eugene Lam, Leon Kitipornchai, Richard Lewis, Andrew Jones, Ali Jeiranikhameneh, Stephen Beirne, Lachlan Hingley, Stuart Mackay

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact, top 82% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Anders William SiderisDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Gordon WallaceARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Matthew Eugene LamDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Leon KitipornchaiDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Richard LewisDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Andrew JonesIllawarra ENT Head and Neck Clinic, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Ali JeiranikhamenehARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Stephen BeirneARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Lachlan HingleySchool of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Stuart MackayDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District · AUUniversity of Wollongong · AUWollongong Hospital · AUARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science · AURoyal Perth Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesTo assess the use of a novel magnetic polymer implant in reversing airway collapse and identify potential anatomical targets for airway implant surgery in an in vivo porcine model.

methodsTarget sites of airway collapse were genioglossus muscle, hyoid bone, and middle constrictor muscle. Magnetic polymer implants were sutured to these sites, and external magnetic forces, through magnets with pull forces rated at 102 kg and 294 kg, were applied at the skin. The resultant airway movement was assessed via nasendoscopy. Pharyngeal plexus branches to the middle constrictor muscle were stimulated at 0.5 mA, 1.0 mA, and 2.0 mA and airway movement assessed via nasendoscopy.

resultsAt the genioglossus muscles, large magnetic forces were required to produce airway movement. At the hyoid bone, anterior movement of the airway was noted when using a 294 kg rated magnet. At the middle constrictor muscle, an anterolateral (or rotatory) pattern of airway movement was noted when using the same magnet. Stimulation of pharyngeal plexus branches to the middle constrictor revealed contraction and increasing rigidity of the lateral walls of the airway as stimulation amplitude increased. The resultant effect was prevention of collapse as opposed to typical airway dilation, a previously unidentified pattern of airway movement.

conclusionsSurgically implanted smart polymers are an emerging technology showing promise in the treatment of airway collapse in obstructive sleep apnea. Future research should investigate their biomechanical role as an adjunct to treatment of airway collapse through nerve stimulation.

Indexed as

Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveStimuli Responsive PolymersAnimalsHumansPharyngeal MusclesSwineTechnologyTongueStimuli Responsive Polymersairway collapsenerve stimulationobstructive sleep apneasleep surgerysmart polymers

Identifiers

PMID33118930
PMCPMC7853238
OpenAlexW3096300903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.