Trial reportSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2021
Assessing the effect of nicotine dose in cigarette smoking on sleep quality.
Trial report in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Lifestyle Factors and Sleep Quality in Haemodialysis Patients.Nursing open · 2026Article
- Electronic Cigarette Use and Sleep Quality Among Young Adults in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tobacco smoke exposure and sleep problems: A secondary dataset analysis of NHANES and Mendelian randomization analyses.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Sedentary Behavior Worsens the Adverse Impact of E-cigarettes Smoking on Sleep Quality.Medeniyet medical journal · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association study -Driven drug repositioning for the treatment of insomnia.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- The association between cigarette smoking and sleep deprivation among adolescents in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: analysis of national surveys.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2025Article
- Gender differences in sleep quality among Iranian traditional and industrial drug users.Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2024Article
- The Interactions between Smoking and Sleep.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Sleep Disorders in Connective Tissue Diseases-Coexisting Diseases or Disease Components?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Factors associated with poor sleep quality among construction workers in Arba Minch town, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Electronic cigarette use and cigarette smoking associated with inadequate sleep duration among U.S. young adults.Preventive medicine · 2023Article
- The impact of having a relative or a friend with cancer on person's modifiable cancer-related risk factors.Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Analysis of the determinants of sleep quality in a Spanish population: a study protocol for a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2023Observational
- The relationship between sleep quality and daytime dysfunction among college students in China during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Sleep Quality: A Narrative Review on Nutrition, Stimulants, and Physical Activity as Important Factors.Nutrients · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile several studies assessed the relation between cigarette smoking and sleep, there are still very few studies assessing the effect of nicotine in cigarette smoking on sleep.
aimThis study aimed to compare higher vs lower nicotine levels in cigarette smoking on sleep quality.
methodsWe used data from the recently released dataset for the Randomized Trial of Reduced-Nicotine Standards for Cigarettes. We included three groups in the current study: the least nicotine concentration (i.e., 0.4 mg/g), a moderate nicotine concentration (i.e., 5.2 mg/g), and the highest nicotine concentration (i.e., 15.8 mg/g). For each participant, we included data regarding baseline and the last follow up at 6 weeks, where we compared insomnia, sleep problems, and awakening at night, in addition to different depression and affect scores.
resultsA total of 360 patients were included in this study, with a mean age of 42.4 (±13.4) years. For the three nicotine groups (i.e., 0.4 mg/g, 5.2 mg/g, and 15.8 mg/g), we included 119 (33%), 122 (34%), and 119 (33%) participants. Among the high-nicotine-dose group, the number of participants who had worsened sleep was significantly higher than the number of those who had improved sleep (p = 0.01) after 6 weeks of consumption, where 37 (31%) had worsened sleep score after 6 weeks while only 19 (16%) had improved score compared with baseline.
conclusionWhile previous studies established a relation either between cigarette smoking and sleep or between nicotine patches and sleep, the present study is the first to establish that higher nicotine doses in cigarettes were associated with more sleep disturbances.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.