ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
The Role of Type I Interferons in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of COVID-19.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic Inflammation May Induce Cardiac Injury in COVID-19 Patients Including Children and Adolescents Without Underlying Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review.Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions · 2022Pooled it
- Anti-MDA5 Antibody Linking COVID-19, Type I Interferon, and Autoimmunity: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Circulating Type I Interferon Levels and COVID-19 Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- DNA methylation predicts the outcome of COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Type 1 interferon perturbates clonal competition by reshaping human blood development.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 promotes the expression of interferon-stimulated antiviral genes in human A549 lung epithelial cells.Molecular pharmacology · 2026Article
- Age- and Sex-Dependent Variation in the Type I Interferon Signature of Healthy Individuals.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor dysregulation and its correlation with immunomodulatory markers in COVID-19 patients.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Review
- The Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Viral Respiratory Infections.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Developing a mouse model of human coronavirus NL63 infection: comparison with rhinovirus-A1B and effects of prior rhinovirus infection.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2-Induced Type I Interferon Signaling Dysregulation in Olfactory Networks Implications for Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- STING pathway as a cancer immunotherapy: Progress and challenges in activating anti-tumor immunity.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Type I interferon pathway genetic variants in severe COVID-19.Virus research · 2024Review
- Kinome and phosphoproteome reprogramming underlies the aberrant immune responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Clinical proteomics · 2024Article
- "Dictionary of immune responses" reveals the critical role of monocytes and the core target IRF7 in intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Exploring the protective association between COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer: insights from a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The crucial regulatory role of type I interferon in inflammatory diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2023Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) were first discovered over 60 years ago in a classical experiment by Isaacs and Lindenman, who showed that IFN-Is possess antiviral activity. Later, it became one of the first approved protein drugs using heterologous protein expression systems, which allowed its large-scale production. It has been approved, and widely used in a pleiotropy of diseases, including multiple-sclerosis, hepatitis B and C, and some forms of cancer. Preliminary clinical data has supported its effectiveness against potential pandemic pathogens such as Ebola and SARS. Still, more efficient and specific drugs have taken its place in treating such diseases. The COVID-19 global pandemic has again lifted the status of IFN-Is to become one of the more promising drug candidates, with initial clinical trials showing promising results in reducing the severity and duration of the disease. Although SARS-CoV-2 inhibits the production of IFNβ and thus obstructs the innate immune response to this virus, it is sensitive to the antiviral activity of externally administrated IFN-Is. In this review I discuss the diverse modes of biological actions of IFN-Is and how these are related to biophysical parameters of IFN-I-receptor interaction and cell-type specificity in light of the large variety of binding affinities of the different IFN-I subtypes towards the common interferon receptor. Furthermore, I discuss how these may guide the optimized use IFN-Is in combatting COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.