Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33117361›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020

Using Gene Editing Approaches to Fine-Tune the Immune System.

Kristina Pavlovic, María Tristán-Manzano, Noelia Maldonado-Pérez, Marina Cortijo-Gutierrez, Sabina Sánchez-Hernández, Pedro Justicia-Lirio, M Dolores Carmona, Concha Herrera, Francisco Martin, Karim Benabdellah

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Advancements in immunotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer: Current landscape and future prospects.Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Advancing Precision Medicine: Recent Innovations in Gene Editing Technologies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Induction of immune tolerance in NMOSD and MOGAD.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Efficient Editing of the CXCR4 Locus Using Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein Complexes Stabilized with Polyglutamic Acid.Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections · 2023
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Kristina PavlovicGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
María Tristán-ManzanoGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
Noelia Maldonado-PérezGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
Marina Cortijo-GutierrezGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
Sabina Sánchez-HernándezGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
Pedro Justicia-LirioGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
M Dolores CarmonaMaimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cellular Therapy Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Concha HerreraMaimonides Institute of Biomedical Research in Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cellular Therapy Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Francisco MartinGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.
Karim BenabdellahGenomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada (Andalusian Regional Government), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome editing technologies not only provide unprecedented opportunities to study basic cellular system functionality but also improve the outcomes of several clinical applications. In this review, we analyze various gene editing techniques used to fine-tune immune systems from a basic research and clinical perspective. We discuss recent advances in the development of programmable nucleases, such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas-associated nucleases. We also discuss the use of programmable nucleases and their derivative reagents such as base editing tools to engineer immune cells via gene disruption, insertion, and rewriting of T cells and other immune components, such natural killers (NKs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). In addition, with regard to chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), we describe how different gene editing tools enable healthy donor cells to be used in CAR T therapy instead of autologous cells without risking graft-versus-host disease or rejection, leading to reduced adoptive cell therapy costs and instant treatment availability for patients. We pay particular attention to the delivery of therapeutic transgenes, such as CARs, to endogenous loci which prevents collateral damage and increases therapeutic effectiveness. Finally, we review creative innovations, including immune system repurposing, that facilitate safe and efficient genome surgery within the framework of clinical cancer immunotherapies.

Indexed as

AnimalsCancer VaccinesCRISPR-Associated ProteinsCRISPR-Cas SystemsGene EditingGenetic TherapyGraft RejectionGraft vs Host DiseaseHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasmsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenTranscription Activator-Like Effector NucleasesZinc Finger NucleasesCancer VaccinesCRISPR-Associated ProteinsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenTranscription Activator-Like Effector NucleasesZinc Finger Nucleasesbase editorsCARsgene editinggraft-vs-host diseaseimmunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID33117361
PMCPMC7553077

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.