ArticleScientific reports2020
Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with laboratory-confirmed measles cases during the 2023 and 2024 outbreaks in Tanzania-a mixed-methods study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Non-malarial etiology of acute febrile episodes in children attending five healthcare facilities in Mwanza, Tanzania years 2020-2021.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Epidemiological Features and Pathogen Spectrum of Respiratory Tract Infections, Istanbul, Türkiye, from 2021 to 2023.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Influence of Microbiota on Clinical Expressions of Respiratory Viral Infections.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Personal and Household Hygiene Measures for Preventing Upper Respiratory Tract Infections among Children: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Polyphenol-RichAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Rhinovirus remains prevalent in school teenagers during fight against COVID-19 pandemic.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Article
- Bacterial Gut Microbiota and Infections During Early Childhood.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Seasonal Coronaviruses and Other Neglected Respiratory Viruses: A Global Perspective and a Local Snapshot.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Upper-respiratory tract infections (URTI) are the leading causes of childhood morbidities. This study investigated etiologies and patterns of URTI among children in Mwanza, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study involving 339 children was conducted between October-2017 and February-2018. Children with features suggestive of URTI such as nasal congestion, dry cough, painful swallowing and nasal discharge with/without fever were enrolled. Pathogens were detected from nasopharyngeal and ear-swabs by multiplex-PCR and culture respectively. Full blood count and C-reactive protein analysis were also done. The median age was 16 (IQR: 8-34) months. Majority (82.3%) had fever and nasal-congestion (65.5%). Rhinitis (55.9%) was the commonest diagnosis followed by pharyngitis (19.5%). Viruses were isolated in 46% of children, the commonest being Rhinoviruses (23.9%). Nineteen percent of children had more than 2 viruses; Rhinovirus and Enterovirus being the commonest combination. The commonest bacteria isolated from ears were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Children with viral pathogens had significantly right shift of lymphocytes (73%-sensitivity). Majority (257/339) of children were symptoms free on eighth day. Viruses are the commonest cause of URTI with Rhinitis being the common diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic assays for URTI pathogens are urgently needed in low-income countries to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions which is associated with antibiotic resistance.
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