Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33115942›Full record

ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2020

Synergizing sunitinib and radiofrequency ablation to treat hepatocellular cancer by triggering the antitumor immune response.

Xiaoqiang Qi, Ming Yang, Lixin Ma, Madeline Sauer, Diego Avella, Jussuf T Kaifi, Jeffrey Bryan, Kun Cheng, Kevin F Staveley-O'Carroll, Eric T Kimchi and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  8. ModulatingJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026
    Article
  9. Sex parity in stimulation of murine lymphocyte trafficking in response to fever-range systemic thermal therapy.International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2025
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  19. Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation for malignant biliary obstruction.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2025
    Review
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xiaoqiang QiDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Ming YangDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Lixin MaDepartment of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Madeline SauerSchool of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Diego AvellaDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Jussuf T KaifiDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Jeffrey BryanDepartment of Veterinary Oncology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Kun ChengPharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Kevin F Staveley-O'CarrollDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA liguan@health.missouri.edu kimchie@health.missouri.edu ocarrollk@health.missouri.edu.
Eric T KimchiDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA liguan@health.missouri.edu kimchie@health.missouri.edu ocarrollk@health.missouri.edu.
Guangfu LiDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA liguan@health.missouri.edu kimchie@health.missouri.edu ocarrollk@health.missouri.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9817-568X
University of Missouri · USHarry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital · USUniversity of Missouri–Kansas City · US

Funding

Combination of ceramide and immunotherapy in treatment of hepatocellular cancerR01CA208396 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI KESTER, MARK, LI, GUANGFU · 2017 to 2021
$2.8M
Building a New Therapeutic Paradigm for Hepatocellular Cancer by Dissecting the Interaction between Radiofrequency Ablation, Chemotherapy, and ImmunotherapyI01BX004065 · VA · HARRY S. TRUMAN MEMORIAL VA HOSPITAL · PI KIMCHI, ERIC T., STAVELEY-O'CARROLL, KEVIN FINNBAR · 2019 to 2022
–
BLRD VA I01 BX004065NCI NIH HHS R01 CA208396
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMinimally invasive radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is used as a first-line treatment option for hepatocellular cancer (HCC) with the weaknesses of incomplete ablation, tumor recurrence, and inferior outcomes. To overcome this limitation, we proposed to develop sunitinib-RFA integrated therapy with a potential of activating anti-HCC immune response.

methodsUsing our unique murine model, we developed a novel RFA platform with a modified human cardiac RF generator. Therapeutic efficacy of sunitinib-RFA combined treatment in HCC was tested in this platform. Tumor progression was monitored by MRI; tumor necrosis and apoptosis were detected by H&E and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling; immune reaction was defined by flow cytometry; and signaling molecules were examined with real-time PCR (qPCR), western blot, and immunohistochemical staining.

resultsA significantly reduced tumor growth and extended lift span were observed in the mice receiving combined treatment with RFA and sunitinib. This combined treatment significantly increased the frequency of CD8

conclusionsSunitinib enables RFA-released in situ TSA to ignite an effective anti-tumor immune response by suppressing HGF and VEGF signaling pathways. Sunitinib-RFA as a synergistic therapeutic approach significantly suppresses HCC growth.

Indexed as

AnimalsCarcinoma, HepatocellularDendritic CellsDisease Models, AnimalHumansImmunityLiver NeoplasmsMiceRadiofrequency AblationSunitinibSunitinibcombined modality therapyimmune toleranceimmunomodulationliver neoplasmslymphocytestumor-infiltrating

Identifiers

PMID33115942
PMCPMC7594543
OpenAlexW3097220886

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.