SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Relationship Between Prolonged Second Stage of Labor and Short-Term Neonatal Morbidity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral intake management in laboring women: a scoping review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The Effect of Peanut Ball Use on the Labour Process and Maternal-Neonatal Outcomes in Parturient Women With High Maternal Body Mass Index: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of nursing practice · 2026Trial
- A randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of peanut ball device during labor on maternal outcomes and stress levels.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Postpartum anemia and associated factors among caesarean section women in West Gojjam zone Ethiopia 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Influence of the active second stage of labor in nulliparous women on umbilical cord blood pH and neonatal outcomes: a population-based, cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- More than the passage of time: neonatal health and active labor duration, the mediating role of chorioamnionitis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Observational
- Association between labor duration in transvaginal deliveries and the risk of neonatal intensive care unit admission for newborns.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Uterine Reaction to Oxytocin and Maternal-Neonatal Outcomes in Inducing Labor: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Engaging women to set the research agenda for assisted vaginal birth.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
- First stage of labour duration and associated risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Association of labour duration in spontaneous deliveries with low neonatal Apgar scores and foetal acidosis: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Does a longer second stage of labor worsen umbilical artery blood gas parameters in newborns?-a retrospective cohort study of 2,140 cases.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Anal incontinence after a prolonged second stage of labor in primiparous women.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The Relegated Goal of Health Institutions: Sexual and Reproductive Health.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To evaluate the association between prolonged second stage of labor and the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes with a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE were searched using the search strategy "Labor Stage, Second" AND (length OR duration OR prolonged OR abnormal OR excessive). Observational studies that examine the relationship between prolonged second stage of labor and neonatal outcomes were selected. Prolonged second stage of labor was defined as 4 h or more in nulliparous women and 3 h or more in multiparous women. The main neonatal outcomes were 5 min Apgar score <7, admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, neonatal sepsis and neonatal death. Data collection and quality assessment were carried out independently by the three reviewers. Twelve studies were selected including 266,479 women. In nulliparous women, a second stage duration greater than 4 h increased the risk of 5 min Apgar score <7, admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and neonatal sepsis and intubation. In multiparous women, a second stage of labor greater than 3 h was related to 5 min Apgar score <7, admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, meconium staining and composite neonatal morbidity. Prolonged second stage of labor increased the risk of 5 min Apgar score <7 and admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in nulliparous and multiparous women, without increasing the risk of neonatal death. This review demonstrates that prolonged second stage of labor increases the risk of neonatal complications in nulliparous and multiparous women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.