ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2021
Presence of Ebola virus in breast milk and risk of mother-to-child transmission: synthesis of evidence.
Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virucidal Efficacy of Holder Pasteurization of Breast Milk in a Portable Device.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Platelet-like particles released from Ebola virus-infected megakaryocytic cells behave like virus-like particles.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Viral RNA persistence and long-term consequences following acute infection with Risk Group 4 zoonotic viruses.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Ebola virus disease in children: epidemiology, pathogenesis, management, and prevention.Pediatric research · 2024Review
- Viruses and Human Milk: Transmission or Protection?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Overlooked sex and gender aspects of emerging infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons learned from COVID-19 to move towards health equity in pandemic response.Frontiers in global women's health · 2023Review
- Ebanga™: The most recent FDA-approved drug for treating Ebola.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- RNA Viruses, Pregnancy and Vaccination: Emerging Lessons from COVID-19 and Ebola Virus Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Orf Virus Detection in the Saliva and Milk of Dairy Goats.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Targeted drug delivery for maternal and perinatal health: Challenges and opportunities.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To help inform global guidelines on infant feeding, this systematic review synthesizes evidence related to the presence of the Ebola virus (EBOV) in breast milk and its potential risk of viral transmission to the infant when breastfeeding. We relied on a comprehensive search strategy to identify studies including women with suspected, probable, or confirmed EBOV infection, intending to breastfeed or give breast milk to an infant. Our search identified 10,454 records, and after deduplication and screening, we assessed 148 full texts. We included eight studies reporting on 10 breastfeeding mothers and their children (one mother with twins), who provided breast milk samples for assessment. EBOV was detected via RT-PCR or viral culture in seven out of ten breast milk samples. Four out of the five-breastfed infants with EBOV-positive breast milk were found positive for EBOV infection, and all of these EBOV-positive infants died. Since previous reports have detected EBOV in tears, saliva, sweat, and contaminated surfaces, with the current evidence, it is not possible to conclude with certainty that breast milk was the main route of EBOV transmission.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.