ArticleHistopathology2021
Metaplastic carcinomas of the breast without evidence of epithelial differentiation: a diagnostic approach for management.
Article in Histopathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of competitive risk model for older women with metaplastic breast cancer.BMC women's health · 2023Trial
- Synchronous Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma with Mesenchymal Differentiation and Triple-Negative Invasive Papillary Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review.Cureus · 2026Article
- Survival outcomes after systemic treatment of high-grade triple-negative metaplastic breast cancer versus triple-negative breast cancer of no special type.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Variability in the diagnosis and reporting of metaplastic breast carcinoma: results of an international survey.Histopathology · 2025Article
- Differential diagnosis of primary mesenchymal neoplasms of the breast.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer Histopathology in the Age of Molecular Oncology.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Molecular pathology in breast disease: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2024Review
- Comprehensive analysis of clinicopathologic features and p53 mutation in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast: experience from a large academic center.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2022Article
- Primary extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the breast: report of a case and literature review.Pathologica · 2022Review
- Prognostic Factor Analysis and Model Construction of Triple-Negative Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma After Surgery.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- An Update on the Molecular Pathology of Metaplastic Breast Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 11 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsAlthough rare, malignant sarcomatoid breast tumours without evidence of epithelial differentiation comprise a diagnostic challenge with management implications. Earlier studies have generally considered these to be primary breast sarcomas; however, supporting evidence is lacking and management remains variable. This study aimed to provide an evidence-based approach to improve the consistency of diagnosis and management for such cases. METHODS AND
resultsA large series (n = 140) of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) diagnosed in Nottingham over 18 years was analysed. Only cases with available data on immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins (CKs) were included. The prevalence and pattern of expression for various CKs were assessed and details of tumours negative for CKs were collected. A diagnostic approach based on our experience is provided. Forty-seven cases (34%) showed foci of conventional type invasive breast carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), while 93 cases (66%) were diagnosed as MBC based on morphology and/or CK expression. Ninety-seven cases (69%) were negative for one or more CKs, with 18 cases (13%) negative for five or more CKs. Eight cases (6%) lacked expression of all CKs tested. Further examination showed evidence of carcinomatous nature in five cases, and three were diagnosed as MBC following extensive diagnostic work-up and based on our experience.
conclusionThis study suggests that MBC represents a spectrum of neoplasms, with some lacking CK expression. Sarcomatoid neoplasms of the breast lacking evidence of carcinomatous morphology and CK expression may represent an extreme end of differentiation that can be considered as carcinomas rather than sarcomas for management purposes (following extensive work-up).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.