ArticleAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP2020
Cigarette and Hookah Smoking in Adolescent Students using World Health Organization Questionnaire Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS): A Pilot Study in Varamin City, Iran in 2016.
Article in Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of hookah smoking among Iranian pupils and university students: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.The clinical respiratory journal · 2022Pooled it
- Knowledge and risk perception of e-cigarettes and hookah among young adults in Anambra State, Nigeria.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Examination of sleep in relation to dietary and lifestyle behaviors during Ramadan: A multi-national study using structural equation modeling among 24,500 adults amid COVID-19.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and its Related Factors among Students in Iran: A Meta-Analysis.Tanaffos · 2022Review
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4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesClues show that a large number of toxic agents, including carcinogenic, heavy metals, other particles, and high levels of nicotine, are effectively delivered through cigarette and hookah smoking. A pilot study was carried out in Varamin city, Iran in 2016 aimed to determine status of cigarette and hookah smoking in adolescent students using, Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) questionnaire.
methodsIt was a cross-sectional study. At the first, of 63 Varamin city schools' using cluster sampling, 48 schools were considered as primary clusters and 4 schools were selected randomly as sample clusters and students with 7, 8 and 9 years of education were studied. The total number of registered students was 1,108 and 1,075 responded to the study questionnaire. The main tool for collecting information used in this study was the GYTS questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization, was completed by subjects.
resultsTotally, 479 (44.6%) students were boys and 596 (55.4%) were girls. Of 1,075 subjects the number of students at 7, 8 and 9 years education was 369 (34.3%), 362 (33.7%) and 344 (32.0%) respectively. The cigarette and hookah smoking using experience among the population was 9.2% and 25.5 respectively. Regarding the averages of the total score, although students have a relatively good attitude and specially behavioral intention (72% and 88% of the total score respectively), but only 47% of the total knowledge score by boys and 51% by girls, shows the average level of students' awareness related the undesirable effects of smoking.
conclusionsConsidering that one out of four students experienced cigarette and hookah smoking. Nearly half of the students are exposed to cigarette smoke at home or outdoors. The state of cigarette and hookah smoking in the country is alarming among school students.
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