ArticleACS omega2020
Osteointegration of 3D-Printed Fully Porous Polyetheretherketone Scaffolds with Different Pore Sizes.
Article in ACS omega, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating Structures and Biology: Cellular and Molecular Interactions with Functionally Graded Spinal Cage Designs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bifunctional 3D-printed PEEK scaffolds incorporating hydrogel-encapsulated magnesium-quinone nanosheets for antibacterial activity and mandibular bone regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Multiscale Design of Dental Restorative Materials: Mechanistic Foundations, Technological Innovations, and Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Biofunctionalization of 3D printed PEEK using integrated cathodic arc plasma coating: a one-step solution to antimicrobial and bioactive PEEK Implant.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2025Article
- Advanced bioactive materials and strategies for tendon repair and function restoration.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2025Review
- Design and Characterization of Durable Glass Fibre (GF)-Reinforced PLA and PEEK Biomaterials.Polymers · 2025Article
- Preclinical evaluation of lateral interbody fusions using 3D printed PEEK or 3D printed titanium cages.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Treatment of large bone defects in load-bearing bone: traditional and novel bone grafts.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Review
- Concept and Evolution in 3D Printing for Excellence in Healthcare.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Enhancing Bone Repair with β-TCP-Based Composite Scaffolds: A Review of Design Strategies and Biological Mechanisms.Orthopedic research and reviews · 2025Review
- Surgical Planning and 3D-Printed Mesh Implant for Effective Bone Gap Management: A Case Report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2024Article
- Healthy and diabetic primary human osteoblasts exhibit varying phenotypic profiles in high and low glucose environments on 3D-printed titanium surfaces.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Enhancing bone tissue engineering with 3D-Printed polycaprolactone scaffolds integrated with tragacanth gum/bioactive glass.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
- 3D Printed Biomimetic Metamaterials with Graded Porosity and Tapering Topology for Improved Cell Seeding and Bone Regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- A biomimetic gradient porous cage with a micro-structure for enhancing mechanical properties and accelerating osseointegration in spinal fusion.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Polyetheretherketone development in bone tissue engineering and orthopedic surgery.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- 3D-printed polyether-ether-ketone/n-TiOOpen medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2023Article
- 3D printing of bio-instructive materials: Toward directing the cell.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Fused Deposition Modeling Printed PLA/Nano β-TCP Composite Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds for Promoting Osteogenic Induction Function.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) constitutes a preferred alternative material for orthopedic implants owing to its good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the poor osseointegration property of PEEK implants has limited their clinical applications. To address this issue, in this study, we investigated the mechanical and biological properties of fully porous PEEK scaffolds with different pore sizes both in vitro and in vivo. PEEK scaffolds with designed pore sizes of 300, 450, and 600 μm and a porosity of 60% were manufactured via fused deposition modeling (FDM) to explore the optimum pore size. Smooth solid PEEK cylinders (PEEK-S) were used as the reference material. The mechanical, cytocompatibility, proliferative, and osteogenic properties of PEEK scaffolds were characterized in comparison to those of PEEK-S. In vivo dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, microcomputed tomography, and histological observation were performed after 4 and 12 weeks of implantation to evaluate the microvascular perfusion and bone formation afforded by the various PEEK implants using a New Zealand white rabbit model with distal femoral condyle defects. Results of in vitro testing supported the good biocompatibility of the porous PEEK scaffolds manufactured via FDM. In particular, the PEEK-450 scaffolds were most beneficial for cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Results of in vivo analysis further indicated that PEEK-450 scaffolds exhibited preferential potential for bone ingrowth and vascular perfusion. Together, our findings support that porous PEEK implants designed with a suitable pore size and fabricated via three-dimensional printing constitute promising alternative biomaterials for bone grafting and tissue engineering applications with marked potential for clinical applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.