ArticleJournal of athletic training2020
Sport Concussion Assessment Tool Symptom Inventory: Healthy and Acute Postconcussion Symptom Factor Structures.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Brain Health in Former Professional Motorsport Drivers: Case Series in a Population Exposed to Sport-Related Concussions and Repetitive Head Impacts.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Distinct symptom recoveries based upon highest level of care in patients with sport-related concussion or traumatic brain injury and Glasgow Coma Scale 13-15.Clinical neurology and neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Concurrent symptom domains and associations with recovery timelines among collegiate athletes with sport-related concussion.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Revealing gender differences in concussion reporting: a detailed analysis of SCAT assessment self-report symptom ratings.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance Across Sex of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool Symptom Inventory.Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine · 2024Observational
- Association of Preexisting Mental Health Conditions With Increased Initial Symptom Count and Severity Score on SCAT5 When Assessing Concussion.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2022Article
- The Role of Reported Affective Symptoms and Anxiety in Recovery Trajectories After Sport-Related Concussion.The American journal of sports medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextPrevious researchers have examined factor structures for common concussion symptom inventories. However, they failed to discriminate between the acute (<72 hours) and subacute (3 days-3 months) periods after concussion. The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) is an acute assessment that, when compared with other concussion symptom inventories, includes or excludes symptoms that may result in different symptom factors.
objectiveThe primary purpose was to investigate the symptom factor structure of the 22-item SCAT symptom inventory in healthy, uninjured and acutely concussed high school and collegiate athletes. The secondary purpose was to document the frequency of the unique SCAT symptom inventory items.
designCase series.
settingHigh school and college. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsA total of 1334 healthy, uninjured and 200 acutely concussed high school and collegiate athletes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Healthy, uninjured participants completed the SCAT symptom inventory at a single assessment. Participants in the acutely concussed sample completed the SCAT symptom inventory within 72 hours after concussion. Two separate exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) using a principal component analysis and varimax extraction method were conducted.
resultsA 3-factor solution accounted for 48.1% of the total variance for the healthy, uninjured sample: cognitive-fatigue (eg, feeling "in a fog" and "don't feel right"), migraine (eg, neck pain and headache), and affective (eg, more emotional and sadness) symptom factors. A 3-factor solution accounted for 55.0% of the variance for the acutely concussed sample: migraine-fatigue (eg, headache and "pressure in the head"), affective (eg, sadness and more emotional), and cognitive-ocular (eg, difficulty remembering and balance problems) symptom factors.
conclusionsThe inclusion of unique SCAT symptom inventory items did not alter the symptom factor structure for the healthy, uninjured sample. For the acutely concussed sample, all but 1 unique SCAT symptom inventory item (neck pain) loaded onto a factor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.