Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33107019›Full record

ArticleActa neurologica Scandinavica2021

Proinflammatory protein signatures in cryptogenic and large artery atherosclerosis stroke.

Lukas Holmegaard, Tara M Stanne, Ulf Andreasson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Christian Blomstrand, Katarina Jood, Christina Jern

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
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  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Lukas HolmegaardDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3528-0316
Tara M StanneDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9668-0407
Ulf AndreassonDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Henrik ZetterbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-4354
Kaj BlennowDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Christian BlomstrandDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Katarina JoodDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Christina JernDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Sahlgrenska University Hospital · SEUniversity of Gothenburg · SE

Funding

Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation RDAPB-201809-2016615European Research Council 681712European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders JPND2019-466-236Gothenburg Foundation for Neurological ResearchHjärnfonden FO2017-0243Hjärt-Lungfonden 20190203John och Brit Wennerströms Stiftelse för Neurologisk ForskningKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseP-O Ahls´s Foundation for Neurological ResearchRune and Ulla Amlöv's Foundation for Neurological ResearchSTROKE-RiksförbundetSwedish Alzheimer Foundation AF-742881The Swedish State under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils ALFGBG-715986The Swedish State under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils ALFGBG-720081The Swedish State under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils ALFGBG-720211The Swedish State under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils ALFGBG-720931Vetenskapsrådet 2017-00915Vetenskapsrådet 2018-02543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe cause of ischemic stroke remains unknown, cryptogenic, in 25% of young and middle-aged patients. We hypothesized that if atherosclerosis is prominent in cryptogenic stroke, it would have a similar proinflammatory protein signature as large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke. MATERIALS &

methodsBlood was collected in the acute phase and after 3 months from cryptogenic (n = 162) and LAA (n = 73) stroke patients aged 18-69 years and once from age-matched controls (n = 235). Cryptogenic stroke was divided into Framingham Risk Score (FRS) quartiles to compare low and high risk of atherosclerosis. Plasma concentrations of 25 proteins were analyzed using a Luminex multiplex assay. The discriminating properties were assessed with discriminant analysis and C-statistics.

resultsWe identified proteins that separated cryptogenic and LAA stroke from controls (area under the curves, AUCs ≥ 0.85). For both subtypes, RANTES, IL-4, and IFN-γ contributed the most at both time points. These associations were independent of risk factors of atherosclerosis. We also identified proteins that separated cryptogenic strokes in the lowest quartile of FRS from those in the highest, and from LAA stroke (AUCs ≥ 0.76), and here eotaxin and MCP-1 contributed the most.

conclusionsThe protein signature separating cases from controls was different from the signature separating cryptogenic stroke with low risk of atherosclerosis from those with high risk and from LAA stroke. This suggests that increased RANTES, IL-4, and IFN-γ in stroke may not be primarily related to atherosclerosis, whereas increased eotaxin and MCP-1 in cryptogenic stroke may be markers of occult atherosclerosis as the underlying cause.

Indexed as

AdultAgedArteriesAtherosclerosisBiomarkersFemaleHumansIschemic StrokeMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsBiomarkersatherosclerosiscase-control studycryptogenic strokecytokinesetiologyinflammationischemic stroke

Identifiers

PMID33107019
PMCPMC7898473
OpenAlexW3093986898

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.