ReviewWorld journal of urology2021
Immunotherapy in prostate cancer: new horizon of hurdles and hopes.
Review in World journal of urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- A2AR as a key target for immune microenvironment remodeling in prostate cancer.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Recent advances and future prospects of immunotherapeutic approaches in prostate cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The emerging role of mFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Development of a machine learning-based predictive risk model combining fatty acid metabolism and ferroptosis for immunotherapy response and prognosis in prostate cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Identifying perturbations that boost T-cell infiltration into tumours via counterfactual learning of their spatial proteomic profiles.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- The predictive value of necroptosis-related lncRNAs in prostate cancer prognosis and their potential to distinguish between cold and hot tumors.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Cuproptosis Regulates Microenvironment and Affects Prognosis in Prostate Cancer.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Integrative analysis of ferroptosis regulators for clinical prognosis based on deep learning and potential chemotherapy sensitivity of prostate cancer.Precision clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Highly expressed carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11 correlates with unfavorable prognosis and immune evasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Advances in cancer vaccines for immunotherapy of prostate cancer.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2023Article
- Identification and validation of immune-related hub genes based on machine learning in prostate cancer and AOX1 is an oxidative stress-related biomarker.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Emerging Biomarker-Guided Therapies in Prostate Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
- Histamine in cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Current status and new perspectives.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Review
- Immunotherapy in genitourinary cancers: achievements and perspectives.World journal of urology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeProstate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and the cause for the second most common cancer-related death in the western world. Despite ongoing development of novel approaches such as second generation androgen receptor targeted therapies, metastatic disease is still fatal. In PCa, immunotherapy (IT) has not reached a therapeutic breakthrough as compared to several other solid tumors yet. We aimed at highlighting the underlying cellular mechanisms crucial for IT in PCa and giving an update of the most essential past and ongoing clinical trials in the field.
methodsWe searched for relevant publications on molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the PCa tumor microenvironment and response to IT as well as completed and ongoing IT studies and screened appropriate abstracts of international congresses.
resultsTumor progression and patient outcomes depend on complex cellular and molecular interactions of the tumor with the host immune system, driven rather dormant in case of PCa. Sipuleucel-T and pembrolizumab are the only registered immune-oncology drugs to treat this malignancy. A plethora of studies assess combination of immunotherapy with other agents or treatment modalities like radiation therapy which might increase its antineoplastic activity. No robust and clinically relevant prognostic or predictive biomarkers have been established yet.
conclusionDespite immunosuppressive functional status of PCa microenvironment, current evidence, based on cellular and molecular conditions, encourages further research in this field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.