ArticlePLoS pathogens2020
Therapeutic vaccination of SIV-infected, ART-treated infant rhesus macaques using Ad48/MVA in combination with TLR-7 stimulation.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of toll-like receptor agonists as therapeutic agents and vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases in animals: a systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Pooled it
- Limited Sex-Based Differences in Viral Outcomes of ART-Treated SIV/SHIV Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The Importance of Pediatric Nonhuman Primate Models in Translational HIV Research.Journal of medical primatology · 2026Review
- The TLR7 agonist vesatolimod does not measurably induce SIV expression in macaques receiving combination antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Conjugation of anti-HIV gp41 monoclonal antibody to a drug capable of targeting resting lymphocytes produces an effective cytotoxic anti-HIV immunoconjugate.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Role of homologous recombination/recombineering on human adenovirus genome engineering: Not the only but the most competent solution.Engineering microbiology · 2024Review
- More than the Infinite Monkey Theorem: NHP Models in the Development of a Pediatric HIV Cure.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Nonhuman primate models of pediatric viral diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Biphasic decay of intact SHIV genomes following initiation of antiretroviral therapy complicates analysis of interventions targeting the reservoir.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- AZD5582 plus SIV-specific antibodies reduce lymph node viral reservoirs in antiretroviral therapy-suppressed macaques.Nature medicine · 2023Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- A simple model for viral decay dynamics and the distribution of infected cell life spans in SHIV-infected infant rhesus macaques.Mathematical biosciences · 2023Article
- Transient T Cell Expansion, Activation, and Proliferation in Therapeutically Vaccinated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Macaques Treated with N-803.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Altered Response Pattern following AZD5582 Treatment of SIV-Infected, ART-Suppressed Rhesus Macaque Infants.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Challenges and Opportunities of Therapies Targeting Early Life Immunity for Pediatric HIV Cure.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- HIV Reservoirs: Modeling, Quantification, and Approaches to a Cure.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Dynamics and origin of rebound viremia in SHIV-infected infant macaques following interruption of long-term ART.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Research priorities for an HIV cure: International AIDS Society Global Scientific Strategy 2021.Nature medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Globally, 1.8 million children are living with HIV-1. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved disease outcomes, it does not eliminate the latent HIV-1 reservoir. Interventions to delay or prevent viral rebound in the absence of ART would be highly beneficial for HIV-1-infected children who now must remain on daily ART throughout their lifespan. Here, we evaluated therapeutic Ad48-SIV prime, MVA-SIV boost immunization in combination with the TLR-7 agonist GS-986 in rhesus macaque (RM) infants orally infected with SIVmac251 at 4 weeks of age and treated with a triple ART regimen beginning 4 weeks after infection. We hypothesized immunization would enhance SIV-specific T cell responses during ART-mediated suppression of viremia. Compared to controls, vaccinated infants had greater magnitude SIV-specific T cell responses (mean of 3475 vs 69 IFN-γ spot forming cells (SFC) per 106 PBMCs, respectively, P = 0.01) with enhanced breadth of epitope recognition and increased CD8+ and CD4+ T cell polyfunctionality (P = 0.004 and P = 0.005, respectively). Additionally, SIV-specific gp120 antibodies against challenge and vaccine virus strains were significantly elevated following MVA boost (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively). GS-986 led to expected immune stimulation demonstrated by activation of monocytes and T cells 24 hours post-dose. Despite the vaccine-induced immune responses, levels of SIV DNA in peripheral and lymph node CD4+ T cells were not significantly different from controls and a similar time to viral rebound and viral load set point were observed following ART interruption in both groups. We demonstrate infant RMs mount a robust immunological response to this immunization, but vaccination alone was not sufficient to impact viral reservoir size or modulate rebound dynamics following ART release. Our findings hold promise for therapeutic vaccination as a part of a combination cure approach in children and highlight the importance of a pediatric model to evaluate HIV-1 cure interventions in this unique setting of immune development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.