ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2021
Frailty Changes Predict Mortality in 4 Longitudinal Studies of Aging.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- Relative impact of multidomain lifestyle interventions on deficit accumulation frailty over 24 months in the U.S. POINTER trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Correlation of frailty assessment metrics in one-year follow-up of aged care residents: a sub-study of a randomised controlled trial.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Trial
- Eight-Year Changes in Multimorbidity and Frailty in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Associations With Cognitive and Physical Function and Mortality.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Trial
- Recommendations for the management of frailty in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Article
- Comparing frailty index distribution, mortality and frailty dynamics across multiple countries: applying the 'zero-state' principle to harmonised ageing data.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- Associations of summary measures of longitudinal frailty assessments with health outcomes.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Longitudinal bidirectional associations among sarcopenia risk, social isolation, and frailty in Chinese older adults using an item response theory-derived frailty index.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- Cross-lag association between TyG-CVAI and frailty index: evidence from a natural population cohort in southwestern China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Cognitive Frailty and Health Care Utilization and Costs Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings from Four Longitudinal Cohort Studies.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Hobby engagement and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk among people aged 50 years and older in 19 countries.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: design and cohort update 2025.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Health octo tool matches personalized health with rate of aging.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification of Frailty Clusters Using Cross-Sectional Frailty and Frailty Trajectory: Cohort of Heart Failure Veterans.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Association of changes in frailty with mortality in the aged with hypertension.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Compositional analysis of lymphocytes and their relationship with health outcomes: findings from the health and retirement study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Association of 3-year change in frailty index with risk of all-cause mortality among older Chinese population: a national cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Short-term Frailty Index Fluctuations in Older Adults: Noise or Signal?The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Change in frailty among older COVID-19 survivors.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Observational
- Trends in Memory Function and Memory Impairment Among Older Adults in the United States and Europe, 1996-2018.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundBaseline frailty index (FI) values have been shown to predict mortality among older adults, but little is known about the effects of changes in FI on mortality.
methodsIn a coordinated approach, we analyzed data from 4 population-based cohorts: the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the English Longitudinal Survey of Ageing (ELSA), and the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), comprising a total of 24 961 respondents (65+), 95 897 observations, up to 9 repeated FI assessments, and up to 23 years of mortality follow-up. The effect of time-varying FI on mortality was modeled with joint regression models for longitudinal and time-to-event data.
resultsDifferences (of 0.01) in current FI levels (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.04, 95% credible interval [CI] = 1.03-1.05) and baseline FI levels (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.03-1.05) were consistently associated with mortality across studies. Importantly, individuals with steeper FI growth also had a higher mortality risk: An increase in annual FI growth by 0.01 was associated with an increased mortality risk of HR = 1.56 (95% CI = 1.49-1.63) in HRS, HR = 1.24 (95% CI = 1.13-1.35) in SHARE, HR = 1.40 (95% CI = 1.25-1.52) in ELSA, and HR = 1.71 (95% CI = 1.46-2.01) in LASA.
conclusionsFI changes predicted mortality independently of baseline FI differences. Repeated assessment of frailty and individual's frailty trajectory could provide a means to anticipate further health deterioration and mortality and could thus support clinical decision making.
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