ArticleNPJ vaccines2020
Mechanisms of interleukin 4 mediated increase in efficacy of vaccines against opioid use disorders.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines as a preventive tool for substance use disorder: A systematic review including a meta-analysis on nicotine vaccines' immunogenicity.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- Precision Adjuvant Strategies in Vaccine Development for Substance Use Disorders: Variability and Mechanistic Insights.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- A novel cationic liposome-formulated toll like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist enhances the efficacy of a vaccine against fentanyl toxicity.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Bivalent Hapten Display Strategies for Conjugate Vaccines Targeting Opioid Mixtures Containing Fentanyl.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2025Article
- The development of opioid vaccines as a novel strategy for the treatment of opioid use disorder and overdose prevention.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Monoclonal Antibodies Engineered with Fc Region Mutations to Extend Protection against Fentanyl Toxicity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Multivalent Vaccination Strategies Protect against Exposure to Polydrug Opioid and Stimulant Mixtures in Mice and Rats.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- A TLR7/8 agonist increases efficacy of anti-fentanyl vaccines in rodent and porcine models.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- IL-4 Predicts the Efficacy of a Candidate Antioxycodone Vaccine and Alters Vaccine-Specific Antibody-Secreting Cell Proliferation in Mice.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Drug Addiction.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Vaccines against Drug Abuse-Are We There Yet?Vaccines · 2022Review
- Housing conditions and microbial environment do not affect the efficacy of vaccines for treatment of opioid use disorders in mice and rats.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Pharmacological mechanisms underlying the efficacy of antibodies generated by a vaccine to treat oxycodone use disorder.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- Contribution of Antibody-Mediated Effector Functions to the Mechanism of Efficacy of Vaccines for Opioid Use Disorders.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Safety and Toxicological Evaluation of Subunit Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin-Loaded Lipid-PLGA Hybrid Nanoparticles (sKLH-hNPs) as a Nanocarrier for an Opioid Use Disorder Vaccine.International journal of toxicologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Opioid use disorders (OUD) affect over 27 million people worldwide. Anti-opioid vaccines offer a promising strategy to treat OUD and prevent overdose. Using immunomodulation of cytokine signaling to increase vaccine efficacy, this study found that blocking IL-4 improved the efficacy of vaccines targeting oxycodone and fentanyl in male and female mice. Genetic deletion of the IL-4 receptor, STAT6, or antibody-based depletion of IL-13, did not increase vaccine efficacy against opioids, suggesting the involvement of type I IL-4 receptors. Enhancement of vaccine efficacy with blockade of IL-4 was associated with improved germinal center formation in secondary lymphoid organs and selective transcriptome signatures in the activated CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.