ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2020
Dietary intake of adults with and without diabetes: results from NHANES 2013-2016.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthy Eating Index Diet Quality in Randomized Weight Loss Trials: A Systematic Review.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2023Pooled it
- DASH4D diet for glycemic control and glucose variability in type 2 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Feasibility and implementation of a grocery shopping intervention for adults diagnosed with or at-risk for type 2 diabetes.Public health nutrition · 2023Trial
- The mediating effect role of methylmalonic acid on the association between oxidative balance score and diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011-2014.Renal failure · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional analysis of baseline diet quality among participants enrolled in delicious eating for life in the southern homes weight loss randomized trial.Nutrition and health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of diabetes/prediabetes and their associated risk factors among adults with hypertension from iran: a nationwide study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Low discontinuation rate of tirzepatide treatment in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus; importance of traditional Japanese diet.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Association between methylmalonic acid and composite dietary antioxidant index and diabetic retinopathy: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- Impact of Mediterranean diet on mortality in vertebral compression fracture patients.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Design of the Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Study in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension for Diabetes Trial (DASH4D-CGM).Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Dietary zinc intake and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes mellitus patients: evidence from NHANES database.Thrombosis journal · 2025Article
- The Association Between Neutrophil-Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio (NPAR) and Mortality Among Individuals With Cancer: Insights From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Relationship between Oxidative Balance Score and All-Cause Mortality in Hypertension.Journal of vascular research · 2025Article
- Association of dietary niacin intake with all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease: A retrospective cohort study of NHANES.PloS one · 2025Article
- Comparison of Body Mass Index, Energy and Macronutrient Intake, and Dietary Inflammatory Index Between Type 2 Diabetic and Healthy Individuals.Journal of research in health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex differences in the impact of frailty on patients with heart failure: A retrospective cohort study.ESC heart failure · 2024Article
- Article
- Association between serum vitamin D concentration and liver fibrosis in diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.Acta diabetologica · 2024Article
- Association Between Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score (DAQS) and All-Cause Mortality in Hypertensive Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the NHANES Database.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDiet is a critical aspect of the management of adults with diabetes. This paper aims to compare dietary intakes of key macronutrients and micronutrients of US adults with and without diabetes and across the spectrum of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe compared absolute and energy-adjusted dietary intake of major macronutrients and micronutrients among those with and without diabetes and across the spectrum of glycemic control using a 24-hour dietary recall from a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of 9939 US adults, 20+ years old (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016). Diabetes was defined as an glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)≥6.5%, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, serum glucose at 2 hours following a 75 g glucose load (oral glucose tolerance test) ≥200 mg/dL, any diagnosis of diabetes or use of diabetes medication (self-reported).
resultsPercent of calories from macronutrients was similar for those with and without diabetes (p>0.05, energy adjusted and adjusted for age, race, and sex). In both groups, sugar accounted for about 20% of calories. Those with diabetes consumed about 7% more calcium (p=0.033), about 5% more sodium (p=0.026), and had lower diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015, p=0.021) than those without diabetes. Among those with diabetes, those with an HbA1c>9.0% consumed about 4% less magnesium (p-analysis of variance=0.007) than those with an HbA1c<6.5%. Results were similar within strata of age, race, and sex. Macronutrient intake did not vary consistently by HbA1c level.
conclusionsIn this nationally representative sample, there were no substantial or consistent differences in the dietary intake of macronutrients or micronutrients between US adults with and without diabetes. Improving the diets of those with diabetes will likely require enhanced targeted efforts to improve the dietary intake of persons with diabetes, as well as broad efforts to improve the dietary intake of the general population.
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