Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33097984›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2021

Mental health consequences of urban air pollution: prospective population-based longitudinal survey.

Ioannis Bakolis, Ryan Hammoud, Robert Stewart, Sean Beevers, David Dajnak, Shirlee MacCrimmon, Matthew Broadbent, Megan Pritchard, Narushige Shiode, Daniela Fecht and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. A Systematic Review of the Effects of Urban Living on Suicidality and Self-Harm in the UK and Ireland.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Urban and Rural Differences in the Efficacy of a Mobile Health Depression Treatment for Young Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Revisiting 'environmental effects': Directions for multidisciplinary investigations of air quality and psychopathology.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. A Review of the Increasing Impact and Effects of Air Pollution Throughout Life and Before Birth.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Ioannis BakolisHealth Services and Population Research Department, Centre for Implementation Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. ioannis.bakolis@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-1630
Ryan HammoudDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London, King's College London, London, UK.
Robert StewartDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Sean BeeversMRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK.
David DajnakMRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Shirlee MacCrimmonDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Matthew BroadbentNIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK, London, UK.
Megan PritchardNIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK, London, UK.
Narushige ShiodeDepartment of Geography, King's College London, London, UK.
Daniela FechtMRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
John GulliverCentre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Matthew HotopfDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Stephani L HatchDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Ian S MudwayMRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_17214Medical Research Council MR/S019669/1Medical Research Council MR/T045302/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe World Health Organisation (WHO) recently ranked air pollution as the major environmental cause of premature death. However, the significant potential health and societal costs of poor mental health in relation to air quality are not represented in the WHO report due to limited evidence. We aimed to test the hypothesis that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with poor mental health.

methodsA prospective longitudinal population-based mental health survey was conducted of 1698 adults living in 1075 households in South East London, from 2008 to 2013. High-resolution quarterly average air pollution concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO

resultsWe found robust evidence for interquartile range increases in PM

conclusionsThe findings suggest that traffic-related air pollution is adversely affecting mental health. Whilst causation cannot be proved, this work suggests substantial morbidity from mental disorders could be avoided with improved air quality.

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionAdultEnvironmental ExposureHumansLongitudinal StudiesMental HealthProspective StudiesAir PollutantsAir qualityCommon mental disordersMixed modelsPsychotic experiencesUrban health

Identifiers

PMID33097984
PMCPMC7584487

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.