ArticleInternational journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance2020
Copper detoxification machinery of the brain-eating amoeba Naegleria fowleri involves copper-translocating ATPase and the antioxidant system.
Article in International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A review of the mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- A socioenvironmental approach to the nosogenic potential of freshwaters with presence of thermotolerant free-living amoebae in Costa Rica.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Leishmania major-induced alteration of host cellular and systemic copper homeostasis drives the fate of infection.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Growth dynamic of biofilm-associatedFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Exploring Copper's role in stroke: progress and treatment approaches.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Evaluation and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR gene expression in Naegleria gruberi.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The 4-Aminomethylphenoxy-Benzoxaborole AN3057 as a Potential Treatment Option for Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Copper Metabolism inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
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5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Copper is a trace metal that is necessary for all organisms but toxic when present in excess. Different mechanisms to avoid copper toxicity have been reported to date in pathogenic organisms such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. However, little if anything is known about pathogenic protozoans despite their importance in human and veterinary medicine. Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that occurs naturally in warm fresh water and can cause a rapid and deadly brain infection called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Here, we describe the mechanisms employed by N. fowleri to tolerate high copper concentrations, which include various strategies such as copper efflux mediated by a copper-translocating ATPase and upregulation of the expression of antioxidant enzymes and obscure hemerythrin-like and protoglobin-like proteins. The combination of different mechanisms efficiently protects the cell and ensures its high copper tolerance, which can be advantageous both in the natural environment and in the host. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that copper ionophores are potent antiamoebic agents; thus, copper metabolism may be considered a therapeutic target.
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