Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33096039›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2021

Early Emergence of Solid Shape Coding in Natural and Deep Network Vision.

Ramanujan Srinath, Alexandriya Emonds, Qingyang Wang, Augusto A Lempel, Erika Dunn-Weiss, Charles E Connor, Kristina J Nielsen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. The Richness of Vision in the Mammalian Brain: Neural Codes for Visual Perception and Behavior in Three Dimensions.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Responses of neurons in macaque V4 to object and texture images.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. High-Density Recording Reveals Sparse Clusters (But Not Columns) for Shape and Texture Encoding in Macaque V4.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Learning a Model of Shape Selectivity in V4 Cells Reveals Shape Encoding Mechanisms in the Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  18. Encoding of 3D physical dimensions by face-selective cortical neurons.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ramanujan SrinathZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Alexandriya EmondsZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Qingyang WangZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Augusto A LempelZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Erika Dunn-WeissZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Charles E ConnorZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: connor@jhu.edu.
Kristina J NielsenZanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: knielse4@jhu.edu.

Funding

Early representation of 3D volumetric shape in visual object processingR01EY029420 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CONNOR, CHARLES E, NIELSEN, KRISTINA J. · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY029420
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Area V4 is the first object-specific processing stage in the ventral visual pathway, just as area MT is the first motion-specific processing stage in the dorsal pathway. For almost 50 years, coding of object shape in V4 has been studied and conceived in terms of flat pattern processing, given its early position in the transformation of 2D visual images. Here, however, in awake monkey recording experiments, we found that roughly half of V4 neurons are more tuned and responsive to solid, 3D shape-in-depth, as conveyed by shading, specularity, reflection, refraction, or disparity cues in images. Using 2-photon functional microscopy, we found that flat- and solid-preferring neurons were segregated into separate modules across the surface of area V4. These findings should impact early shape-processing theories and models, which have focused on 2D pattern processing. In fact, our analyses of early object processing in AlexNet, a standard visual deep network, revealed a similar distribution of sensitivities to flat and solid shape in layer 3. Early processing of solid shape, in parallel with flat shape, could represent a computational advantage discovered by both primate brain evolution and deep-network training.

Indexed as

Deep LearningModels, NeurologicalAnimalsElectrodes, ImplantedElectroencephalographyForm PerceptionIntravital MicroscopyMacaca mulattaMaleMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonNeuronsPhotic StimulationVisual CortexVisual Pathways3Dcortexdeep networkneural codingobjectprimateshapeV4ventral pathwayvision

Identifiers

PMID33096039
PMCPMC7856003

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.