Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33095853›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021

Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Related Hospitalization Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the ISARIC World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Characterization Protocol (UK): A Prospective Observational Study.

Anna Maria Geretti, Alexander J Stockdale, Sophie H Kelly, Muge Cevik, Simon Collins, Laura Waters, Giovanni Villa, Annemarie Docherty, Ewen M Harrison, Lance Turtle and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 177 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
177citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

177 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.

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117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.

Anna Maria GerettiNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Alexander J StockdaleNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Sophie H KellyNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Muge CevikDivision of Infection and Global Health Research, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.
Simon CollinsHIV i-Base, London, United Kingdom.
Laura WatersMortimer Market Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Giovanni VillaDepartment of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.
Annemarie DochertyCentre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Ewen M HarrisonCentre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Lance TurtleNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0778-1693
Peter J M OpenshawNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
J Kenneth BaillieIntensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Caroline A SabinUniversity College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom.
Malcolm G SempleNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
National Health Service · GBBrighton and Sussex Medical School · GBCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust · GBEdinburgh Royal Infirmary · GBImperial College London · GBRoslin Institute · GBThe London College · GBUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GBUniversity of St Andrews · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_15001Medical Research Council MC_PC_19025Medical Research Council MC_PC_19059Wellcome Trust 205228/Z/16/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvidence is conflicting about how human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) modulates coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We compared the presentation characteristics and outcomes of adults with and without HIV who were hospitalized with COVID-19 at 207 centers across the United Kingdom and whose data were prospectively captured by the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Characterization Protocol (CCP) study.

methodsWe used Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression to describe the association between HIV status and day-28 mortality, after separate adjustment for sex, ethnicity, age, hospital acquisition of COVID-19 (definite hospital acquisition excluded), presentation date, 10 individual comorbidities, and disease severity at presentation (as defined by hypoxia or oxygen therapy).

resultsAmong 47 592 patients, 122 (0.26%) had confirmed HIV infection, and 112/122 (91.8%) had a record of antiretroviral therapy. At presentation, HIV-positive people were younger (median 56 vs 74 years; P < .001) and had fewer comorbidities, more systemic symptoms and higher lymphocyte counts and C-reactive protein levels. The cumulative day-28 mortality was similar in the HIV-positive versus HIV-negative groups (26.7% vs. 32.1%; P = .16), but in those under 60 years of age HIV-positive status was associated with increased mortality (21.3% vs. 9.6%; P < .001 [log-rank test]). Mortality was higher among people with HIV after adjusting for age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-2.14; P = .05), and the association persisted after adjusting for the other variables (aHR 1.69; 95% CI 1.15-2.48; P = .008) and when restricting the analysis to people aged <60 years (aHR 2.87; 95% CI 1.70-4.84; P < .001).

conclusionsHIV-positive status was associated with an increased risk of day-28 mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Indexed as

COVID-19HIV InfectionsAdultHIVHospitalizationHumansMiddle AgedObservational Studies as TopicSARS-CoV-2United KingdomWorld Health OrganizationCOVID-19HIVmortalitySARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33095853
PMCPMC7665382
OpenAlexW3048765898

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.