ArticlePloS one2020
Accessibility and allocation of public parks and gardens in England and Wales: A COVID-19 social distancing perspective.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- Measuring the accessibility of veterinary care for companion animals in England and Wales.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2026Article
- The impact of objective urban features on perception of neighbourhood environments.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An Investigation into the Perspectives and Experiences of Physically Active Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Children's and Adolescents' Use of Nature During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Very Green Country.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Assessing Immediate and Lasting Impacts of COVID-19-Induced Isolation on Green Space Usage Patterns.GeoHealth · 2024Article
- Perceived urban green spaces and youth mental health in the post-COVID-19 era.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Exploring non-linear built environment effects on urban vibrancy under COVID-19: The case of Hong Kong.Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England) · 2023Article
- COVID-19 pandemic changes the recreational use of Moscow parks in space and time: Outcomes from crowd-sourcing and machine learning.Urban forestry & urban greening · 2023Article
- Mediating Effect of Challenges on Demographics and Coping Strategies of Indian Healthcare Workers during COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Social carrying capacity and emotion dynamics in urban national parks during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of outdoor recreation and tourism · 2023Article
- Indian Healthcare Workers' Issues, Challenges, and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The change of green space well-being during rapid urbanization: A case study in Jinan, China, 2006-2018.PloS one · 2023Article
- Contesting views on mobility restrictions in urban green spaces amid COVID-19-Insights from Twitter in Latin America and Spain.Cities (London, England) · 2023Article
- Green space and the health of the older adult during pandemics: a narrative review on the experience of COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- COVID-19 impacts on mobility, environment, and health of active transportation users.Cities (London, England) · 2022Article
- Green spaces, especially nearby forest, may reduce the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate: A nationwide study in the United States.Landscape and urban planning · 2022Article
- "We want to live a little longer and our family want[s] us around": A summative content analysis of adherence to COVID-19-related guidelines using the Theoretical Domains Framework.British journal of health psychology · 2022Article
- COVID-19, green space exposure, and mask mandates.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Nature's contributions in coping with a pandemic in the 21st century: A narrative review of evidence during COVID-19.The Science of the total environment · 2022Review
- Landscape Perception and the Importance of Recreation Areas for Students during the Pandemic Time.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Visiting parks and gardens supports physical and mental health. We quantified access to public parks and gardens in urban areas of England and Wales, and the potential for park crowdedness during periods of high use. We combined data from the Office for National Statistics and Ordnance Survey to quantify (i) the number of parks within 500 and 1,000 metres of urban postcodes (i.e., availability), (ii) the distance of postcodes to the nearest park (i.e., accessibility), and (iii) per-capita space in each park for people living within 1,000m. We examined variability by city and share of flats. Around 25.4 million people (~87%) can access public parks or gardens within a ten-minute walk, while 3.8 million residents (~13%) live farther away; of these 21% are children and 13% are elderly. Areas with a higher share of flats on average are closer to a park but people living in these areas visit parks that are potentially overcrowded during periods of high use. Such disparity in urban areas of England and Wales becomes particularly evident during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown when local parks, the only available out-of-home space option, hinder social distancing requirements. Cities aiming to facilitate social distancing while keeping public green spaces safe might require implementing measures such as dedicated park times for different age groups or entry allocation systems that, combined with smartphone apps or drones, can monitor and manage the total number of people using the park.
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Registered trials
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