ArticlePain medicine (Malden, Mass.)2020
Postmarketing Analysis of Misuse, Abuse, and Diversion of Xtampza ER.
Article in Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of Abuse Deterrent Formulations of Oxycodone Products: Real-World Data from an Enriched Population of Substance Users Assessed with the Addiction Severity Index-Multimedia Version (ASI-MVJournal of pain research · 2026Article
- Postmarketing Research for Opioid Abuse-Deterrent Formulations: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2025Review
- Review of Opioid Abuse-Deterrent Formulations: Impact and Barriers to Access.Journal of pain research · 2024Review
- A Cross-Sectional Study of Tampering in Xtampza ER, an Abuse-Deterrent Formulation of an Extended-Release Opioid, in a Treatment Center Population.Clinical drug investigation · 2023Article
- Abuse-Deterrent Opioids: A Survey of Physician Beliefs, Behaviors, and Psychology.Pain and therapy · 2022Article
- A US Retrospective Claims Analysis Comparing Healthcare Costs of Patients Transitioning from Immediate-Release Oxycodone to Two Different Formulations of Extended-Release Oxycodone: Xtampza ER or OxyContin.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2022Article
- Nonmedical Use of XtampzaJournal of pain research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate abuse, misuse, and diversion of Xtampza ER, an extended-release (ER) abuse-deterrent formulation (ADF) of oxycodone.
methodsAbuse, misuse, and diversion of Xtampza ER were assessed using Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance (RADARS) System data sources. Xtampza ER was compared with immediate-release (IR) oxycodone, other ADF ER products combined, and non-ADF ER products combined.
resultsXtampza ER prescriptions increased 50-fold during the study period. In contrast, cases from poison centers, substance abuse treatment centers, and diversion were infrequent and did not increase. Adjusted for prescriptions dispensed, poison center exposures were greater for IR oxycodone (rate ratio [RR] = 2.3, P = 0.008), other ADF ER opioids (RR = 5.2, P < 0.001), and non-ADF ER opioids (RR = 2.5, P = 0.004) than for Xtampza ER. In Treatment Center Programs Combined, past-month abuse prevalence for other ADF ER opioids (odds ratio [OR] = 7.4, P < 0.001) and non-ADF ER opioids (OR = 2.0, P = 0.002) was greater than Xtampza ER; IR oxycodone was not significantly different (OR = 1.2, P = 0.349). In the Drug Diversion Program, rates for IR oxycodone (RR = 3.7, P = 0.003), other ADF ER opioids (RR = 4.2, P = 0.002), and non-ADF ER opioids (RR = 3.4, P = 0.007) were greater than Xtampza ER. Adjustment using morphine equivalents provided similar results, except that IR oxycodone in Treatment Center Programs Combined became higher than Xtampza ER. Nonoral abuse cases involving Xtampza ER were infrequent; Web monitoring data support findings that Xtampza ER is difficult to abuse nonorally.
conclusionXtampza ER abuse, misuse, and diversion and tampering are low relative to other prescription opioid analgesics. Abuse and diversion did not increase over the study period.
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Registered trials
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