ArticleBMJ paediatrics open2020
Incidence and associated factors of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in preterm infants, a cross-sectional study in selected NICUs in Ethiopia.
Article in BMJ paediatrics open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors Associated with Extrauterine Growth Restriction (EUGR) Among Hospitalised Preterm Neonates <34 Weeks of Gestational Age: A Prospective Cohort Study.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Alterations in the Gut Microbiome of Preterm Infants with Extrauterine Growth Restriction.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3-12 months corrected age in predominantly enteral-fed very low birth weight infants in a resource-limited South African setting.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Recombinant human IGF-1 alleviates dyslipidemia induced by lactational maternal dietary restriction.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Metabolomic profiling of human feces and plasma from extrauterine growth restriction infants.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- How long does it take to start minimal enteral feeding in preterm Neonates admitted to NICUs in Southern Oromia, Ethiopia?Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Association between birthweight discordance and extrauterine growth restriction among preterm twins: a national multi-center study in China.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Trophic feeding initiation and its predictors in preterm neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units: Multicenter study, Addis Ababa.SAGE open medicine · 2025Article
- Preeclampsia and Future Implications on Growth and Body Composition in Preterm Infants.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Mortality and extrauterine growth restriction of necrotizing enterocolitis in very preterm infants with heart disease: a multi-center cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Gut microbial network signatures of early colonizers in preterm neonates with extrauterine growth restriction.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Predictors of time to full enteral feeding in low birth weight neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: a prospective follow up study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for extrauterine growth restriction in preterm infants born at gestational age less than 34 weeks.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Preceding risks and mortality outcomes of different neonatal acute kidney injury in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Effects of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) on Growth and Body Composition Compared to Constitutionally Small Infants.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Real-world evidence regarding the growth of very premature infants with small for gestational age after birth: a multicenter survey in China.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Growth of Very Preterm Infants in a Low-Resourced Rural Setting after Affiliation with a Human Milk Bank.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPreterm infants have high risk of developing growth restriction and long-term complications. Enteral feeding is often delayed in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for the fear of feeding intolerance and the associated necrotising enterocolitis, and recent advances in nutritional support are unavailable in low-income countries.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the incidence and associated factors of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) among preterm infants in selected NICUs in Ethiopia.
methodThis was a cross-sectional study involving a subgroup analysis of preterm infants admitted to hospitals, from a multicentre descriptive study of cause of illness and death in preterm infants in Ethiopia, conducted from 2016 to 2018. EUGR was defined as weight at discharge Z-scores <-1.29 for corrected age. Clinical profiles of the infants were analysed for associated factors. SPSS V.23 software was used for analysis with a significance level of 5% and 95% CI.
resultFrom 436 preterm infants included in the analysis, 223 (51%) were male, 224 (51.4%) very low birth weight (VLBW) and 185 (42.4%) small for gestational age (SGA). The mean (SD) of weight for corrected age Z-score at the time of discharge was -2.5 (1.1). The incidence of EUGR was 86.2%. Infants who were SGA, VLBW and longer hospital stay over 21 days had increased risk of growth restriction (p-value<0.01). SGA infants had a 15-fold higher risk of developing EUGR at the time of discharge from hospital than those who were appropriate or large for gestational age (OR (95% CI)=15.2 (4.6 to 50.1).
conclusionThe majority of the infants had EUGR at the time of discharge from the hospital, which indicates suboptimal nutrition. Revision of national guidelines for preterm infants feeding and improvement in clinical practice is highly required.
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