Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33093494›Full record

ArticleNature communications2020

Low cost DNA data storage using photolithographic synthesis and advanced information reconstruction and error correction.

Philipp L Antkowiak, Jory Lietard, Mohammad Zalbagi Darestani, Mark M Somoza, Wendelin J Stark, Reinhard Heckel, Robert N Grass

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed.

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  18. Primer-Disk-Enabled DNA Data Storage System with Index and Record-Many-Read-Many Features.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  19. DNA storage: The future direction for medical cold data storage.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025
    Review
  20. Cost-Effective DNA Storage System with DNA Movable Type.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Philipp L AntkowiakDepartment of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3949-4098
Jory LietardInstitute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
Mohammad Zalbagi DarestaniDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
Mark M SomozaInstitute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-8039-1341
Wendelin J StarkDepartment of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
Reinhard HeckelDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA. reinhard.heckel@gmail.com.
Robert N GrassDepartment of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland. robert.grass@chem.ethz.ch.ORCID 0000-0001-6968-0823

Funding

Austrian Science Fund FWF P 30596
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Due to its longevity and enormous information density, DNA is an attractive medium for archival storage. The current hamstring of DNA data storage systems-both in cost and speed-is synthesis. The key idea for breaking this bottleneck pursued in this work is to move beyond the low-error and expensive synthesis employed almost exclusively in today's systems, towards cheaper, potentially faster, but high-error synthesis technologies. Here, we demonstrate a DNA storage system that relies on massively parallel light-directed synthesis, which is considerably cheaper than conventional solid-phase synthesis. However, this technology has a high sequence error rate when optimized for speed. We demonstrate that even in this high-error regime, reliable storage of information is possible, by developing a pipeline of algorithms for encoding and reconstruction of the information. In our experiments, we store a file containing sheet music of Mozart, and show perfect data recovery from low synthesis fidelity DNA.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsBase SequenceChemistry Techniques, SyntheticDNAGene LibraryInformation Storage and RetrievalLightMonte Carlo MethodOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPhotochemical ProcessesSequence Analysis, DNADNA

Identifiers

PMID33093494
PMCPMC7582880

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.