ReviewThe Science of the total environment2021
The novel SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Possible environmental transmission, detection, persistence and fate during wastewater and water treatment.
Review in The Science of the total environment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Occurrence of viruses in sewage sludge: A systematic review.The Science of the total environment · 2022Pooled it
- Environmental and microbial factors shaping SARS-CoV-2 RNA decay in wastewater: insights from batch tests and a lab-scale sewer pipeline simulator.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dynamics of Tilapia Lake Virus in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems and the Impact of Vaccination on Outbreak Control.Viruses · 2026Article
- Integrated monitoring of enveloped viruses in hospital environments: Detection, persistence, and implications for infection control.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Liquid Crystal Monomers (LCMs) of Emerging Concern: Recent Progress and Challenges in Wastewater Treatment.Current pollution reports · 2025Review
- Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in saliva, stool, and urine samples of COVID-19 patients in Bihar, India.Access microbiology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 in the environment: Contamination routes, detection methods, persistence and removal in wastewater treatment plants.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Solar desalination/purification (solar stills, humidification-dehumidification, solar disinfection) in high altitude during COVID19: Insights of gastrointestinal manifestations and systems' mechanism.Journal of hazardous materials advances · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics and genomic surveillance to detect variants in wastewater - a longitudinal study in Bengaluru, India.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2023Article
- Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and chemical markers in campus dormitories in an evolving COVID - 19 pandemic.Journal of hazardous materials · 2023Article
- Quaternary ammonium compounds of emerging concern: Classification, occurrence, fate, toxicity and antimicrobial resistance.Journal of hazardous materials · 2023Review
- Municipal wastewater viral pollution in Saudi Arabia: effect of hot climate on COVID-19 disease spreading.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 removal by mix matrix membrane: A novel application of artificial neural network based simulation in MATLAB for evaluating wastewater reuse risks.Chemosphere · 2023Article
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater from an enclosed college campus serves as an early warning surveillance system.PloS one · 2023Article
- Environmental challenges of COVID-19 pandemic: resilience and sustainability - A review.Environmental research · 2023Review
- Consideration of COVID-19 beyond the human-centred approach of prevention and control: the ONE-HEALTH perspective.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Review
- A State-of-the-Art Scoping Review on SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Focusing on the Potential of Wastewater Surveillance for the Monitoring of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- Detection, Quantification, and Simplified Wastewater Surveillance Model of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Tijuana River.ACS ES&T water · 2022Article
- Can infectious modelling be applicable globally - lessons from COVID 19.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The contagious SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for COVID-19 disease, has infected over 27 million people across the globe within a few months. While literature on SARS-CoV-2 indicates that its transmission may occur predominantly via aerosolization of virus-laden droplets, the possibility of alternate routes of transmission and/or reinfection via the environment requires considerable scientific attention. This review aims to collate information on possible transmission routes of this virus, to ascertain its fate in the environment. Concomitant with the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faeces and saliva of infected patients, studies also indicated its occurrence in raw wastewater, primary sludge and river water. Therefore sewerage system could be a possible route of virus outbreak, a possible tool to assess viral community spread and future surveillance technique. Hence, this review looked into detection, occurrence and fate of SARS-CoV-2 during primary, secondary, and tertiary wastewater and water treatment processes based on published literature on SARS-CoV and other enveloped viruses. The review also highlights the need for focused research on occurrence and fate of SARS-CoV-2 in various environmental matrices. Utilization of this information in environmental transmission models developed for other enveloped and enteric viruses can facilitate risk assessment studies. Preliminary research efforts with SARS-CoV-2 and established scientific reports on other coronaviruses indicate that the threat of virus transmission from the aquatic environment may be currently non-existent. However, the presence of viral RNA in wastewater provides an early warning that highlights the need for effective sewage treatment to prevent a future outbreak of SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.