ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2021
Validation of cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink in the United Kingdom.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Optimizing cohort criteria for multi-country analysis of women experiencing menopause in administrative databases.BMC medical research methodology · 2026Article
- Early Identification of Cardiovascular Adverse Events Associated With Rofecoxib Using Real-World Data From the UK: A Nested Case-Control and Case-Crossover Study.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
- Trends in mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events following incident acute myocardial infarction.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Risk prediction in people with acute myocardial infarction in England: a cohort study using data from 1521 general practices.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Tuberculosis and Increased Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: Cohort Study Using United States and United Kingdom Health Records.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Effect of combination treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on incidence of cardiovascular and serious renal events: population based cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024 · on this mapArticle
- Validity of Routine Health Data To Identify Safety Outcomes of Interest For Covid-19 Vaccines and Therapeutics in the Context of the Emerging Pandemic: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2024Review
- Incidence and individual risk prediction of post-COVID-19 cardiovascular disease in the general population: a multivariable prediction model development and validation study.European heart journal open · 2023Article
- Systolic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Article
- Agreement of acute serious events recorded across datasets using linked Australian general practice, hospital, emergency department and death data: implications for research and surveillance.International journal of population data science · 2023Article
- Facilitating safety evaluation in maternal immunization trials: a retrospective cohort study to assess pregnancy outcomes and events of interest in low-risk pregnancies in England.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Risk Assessment of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stroke Associated with Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists, Alone or in Combination, versus Long-Acting beta2-Agonists.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2022Article
- Observational
- Article
- Validation of cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink in the United Kingdom.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeStrategies to identify and validate acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke in primary-care electronic records may impact effect measures, but to an unknown extent. Additionally, the validity of cardiovascular risk factors that could act as confounders in studies on those endpoints has not been thoroughly assessed in the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink's (CPRD's) GOLD database. We explored the validity of algorithms to identify cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors and evaluated different outcome-identification strategies using these algorithms for estimation of adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs).
methodsFirst, we identified AMI, stroke, smoking, obesity, and menopausal status in a cohort treated for overactive bladder by applying computerized algorithms to primary care medical records (2004-2012). We validated these cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors with physician questionnaires (gold standard for this analysis). Second, we estimated IRRs for AMI and stroke using algorithm-identified and questionnaire-confirmed cases, comparing these with IRRs from cases identified through linkage with hospitalization/mortality data (best estimate).
resultsFor AMI, the algorithm's positive predictive value (PPV) was >90%. Initial algorithms for stroke performed less well because of inclusion of codes for prevalent stroke; algorithm refinement increased PPV to 80% but decreased sensitivity by 20%. Algorithms for smoking and obesity were considered valid. IRRs based on questionnaire-confirmed cases only were closer to IRRs estimated from hospitalization/mortality data than IRRs from algorithm-identified cases.
conclusionsAMI, stroke, smoking, obesity, and postmenopausal status can be accurately identified in CPRD. Physician questionnaire-validated AMI and stroke cases yield IRRs closest to the best estimate.
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