ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2020
Neuroinflammation associated with scrub typhus and spotted fever group rickettsioses.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Movement Disorders in Scrub Typhus: A Systematic Review.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Pooled it
- Neurological manifestations of scrub typhus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical features and case fatality.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical features and risk factors for severe pediatric scrub typhus in Liangshan Prefecture, China: A retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Differentiating scrub typhus meningitis from brucellar meningitis in children: A single-center retrospective study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- A humanized IFN-γ mouse model reveals skin eschar formation, enhanced susceptibility and scrub typhus pathogenesis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Construction and validation of a predictive model for meningoencephalitis in pediatric scrub typhus based on machine learning algorithms.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
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- Article
- Diagnostic markers of acute encephalitis syndrome and COVID-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children from Southern India.Journal of medical virology · 2024Article
- Case Report: Encephalitis with Initial Manifestation of Orientia Tsutsugamushi Infection Detected by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Differential cellular immune responses against Orientia tsutsugamushi Karp and Gilliam strains following acute infection in mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- A case of acute encephalitis syndrome and cranial nerve palsy secondary to scrub typhus: A rare presentation from Western Nepal.Clinical case reports · 2023Article
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- Genomic bacterial load associated with bacterial genotypes and clinical characteristics in patients with scrub typhus in Hainan Island, Southern China.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Association of scrub typhus with incidence of dementia: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Brain transcriptomics reveal the activation of neuroinflammation pathways during acuteFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Profile of Scrub Typhus Meningitis/Meningoencephalitis in Children with and without Scrub Typhus IgM Antibody in CSF.Journal of neurosciences in rural practice · 2021Article
- Post-Infective Rhombencephalitis with Bilateral Olivary Hypertrophic Degeneration.Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyArticle
- Optic Neuritis, Miller Fisher Syndrome, and Guillain Barre Syndrome Overlap Secondary to Scrub Typhus in a North Indian Girl.Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyArticle
- Neurological Facets of Scrub Typhus: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Scrub typhus and spotted fever rickettsioses (SFR) are understudied, vector-borne diseases of global significance. Over 1 billion individuals are at risk for scrub typhus alone in an endemic region, spanning across eastern and southern Asia to Northern Australia. While highly treatable, diagnostic challenges make timely antibiotic intervention difficult for these diseases. Delayed therapy may lead to severe outcomes affecting multiple organs, including the central nervous system (CNS), where infection and associated neuroinflammation may be lethal or lead to lasting sequelae. Meningitis and encephalitis are prevalent in both scrub typhus and SFR. Additionally, case reports detailing focal neurological deficits have come to light, with attention to both acute and chronic sequelae of infection. Despite the increasing number of clinical reports outlining neurologic consequences of these diseases, relatively little research has examined underlying mechanisms of neuroinflammation. Animal models of scrub typhus have identified cerebral T-cell infiltration and vascular damage associated with endothelial infection and neuropathogenesis. Differential gene expression analysis of brain tissues during murine scrub typhus have revealed selective increases in CXCR3 ligands, proinflammatory and type-1 cytokines and chemokines, and cytotoxicity molecules, as well as alterations in the complement pathway. In SFR, microglial expansion and macrophage infiltration contribute to neurological disease progression. This narrative Review highlights clinical neurologic features of scrub typhus and SFR and evaluates our current understanding of basic research into neuroinflammation for both diseases in animal models. Further investigation into key mediators of neuropathogenesis may yield prognostic markers and treatment regimens for severe patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.