SynthesisInternational journal of methods in psychiatric research2021
Depression prevalence based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale compared to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM DIsorders classification: Systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.
Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph
Synthesis in International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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36citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Depression prevalence of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 was compared to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM using individual participant data meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Results from a living systematic review of the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders and factors associated with symptoms in systemic sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of mental health symptoms before and during the covid-19 pandemic: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 134 cohorts.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence estimates of major depressive disorder in 27 European countries from the European Health Interview Survey: accounting for imperfect diagnostic accuracy of the PHQ-8.BMJ mental health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of Postpartum Depression Based on Diagnostic Interviews: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Depression and anxiety · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review of mental health symptom changes by sex or gender in early-COVID-19 compared to pre-pandemic.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Screening for perinatal depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9): A systematic review and meta-analysis.General hospital psychiatryPooled it
- Exercise in Pregnancy and Risk of Postpartum Depression: A Randomised Controlled Trial.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Trial
- Effects of hydromorphone for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on postpartum depression and sleep disorders after cesarean section: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Antenatal Psychosocial Resources and Obstetric Context Associated with Clinically Diagnosed Postpartum Depression: A Prospective Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Outcomes of Congenital Heart Disease Deliveries at a Freestanding Children's Hospital.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Factors associated with postpartum depression symptoms following antepartum hospitalization.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Investigating the association between pain and psychological vulnerabilities and postpartum depression.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Maternal and infant correlates of postpartum depression: a study from low socioeconomic communities in Karachi, Pakistan.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Association of prenatal parabens exposure with adverse pregnancy outcomes: the role of prenatal depressive symptoms.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Perinatal determinants of depressive disorder profile in high-income women: testing current cut-off thresholds.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Prevalence and contributing factors of postpartum depression risk during the pandemic among women living in Baixo Alentejo at Portugal.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Perinatal depression in India: A narrative review of prevalence, risk factors, and healthcare provider awareness.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Review
- Validation of the arabic version of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale for screening antenatal depression in Oman.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Recognition of anxiety and depression using gait data recorded by the kinect sensor: a machine learning approach with data augmentation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
68 authors.
Anita LyubenovaLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Dipika NeupaneLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Brooke LevisLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Yin WuLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Ying SunLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Chen HeLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Ankur KrishnanLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Parash M BhandariLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Zelalem NegeriLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Mahrukh ImranLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Danielle B RiceLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Marleine AzarLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Matthew J ChiovittiLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Nazanin SaadatLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Kira E RiehmLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Jill T BoruffSchulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, and Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
John P A IoannidisDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Pim CuijpersDepartment of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, EMGO Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5497-2743
Simon GilbodyHull York Medical School and the Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK.
Lorie A KlodaLibrary, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Scott B PattenDepartments of Community Health Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Ian ShrierLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Roy C ZiegelsteinDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Liane ComeauInternational Union for Health Promotion and Health Education, École de santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Nicholas D MitchellDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Marcello TonelliDepartment of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Simone N VigodWomen's College Hospital and Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Franca AcetiDepartment of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Jacqueline BarnesDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.
Amar D BavleDepartment of Psychiatry, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Cheryl T BeckUniversity of Connecticut School of Nursing, Mansfield, Connecticut, USA.
Carola BindtDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Philip M BoyceDiscipline of Psychiatry, Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Adomas BuneviciusNeuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Linda H ChaudronDepartments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
Nicolas FavezFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Barbara FigueiredoSchool of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Lluïsa Garcia-EstevePerinatal Mental Health Unit CLINIC-BCN, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
Lisa GiardinelliDepartment of Health Sciences, Psychiatry Unit, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.
Nadine HelleDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Louise M HowardInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Jane KohlhoffSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Laima KusminskasPrivate Practice, Hamburg, Germany.
Zoltán KozinszkyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-7485-9895
Lorenzo LelliDepartment of Health Sciences, Psychiatry Unit, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.
Angeliki A LeonardouFirst Department of Psychiatry, Women's Mental Health Clinic, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Valentina MeutiDepartment of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Sandra N RadošDepartment of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia.
Purificación N GarcíaPerinatal Mental Health Unit CLINIC-BCN, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
Susan J PawlbyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Chantal QuispelDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Albert Schweitzer Ziekenhuis, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
Emma Robertson-BlackmoreHalifax Health, Graduate Medical Education, Daytona Beach, Florida, USA.
Tamsen J RochatMRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Deborah J SharpCentre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Bonnie W M SiuDepartment of Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Alan SteinDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Robert C StewartDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Meri TadinacDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
S Darius TandonFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Iva TendaisSchool of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Annamária TörekiDepartment of Emergency, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Anna Torres-GiménezPerinatal Mental Health Unit CLINIC-BCN, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
Thach D TranSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kylee TrevillionInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Katherine TurnerEpilepsy Center-Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, ASST Santi Paolo Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Johann M Vega-DienstmaierFacultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú.
Andrea BenedettiDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Brett D ThombsLady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5644-8432
Funding
Postpartum Depression in a Pediatric ClinicK23MH064476 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI CHAUDRON, LINDA H · 2002 to 2006
$882kPerinatal depression, proinflammatory cytokines and adverse obstetric outcomesK23MH080290 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI ROBERTSON BLACKMORE, EMMA K · 2007 to 2010
$556kCIHR KRS-140994Department of Health RP-DG-1108-10012Department of Health RP-PG-1210-12002Medical Research Council MR/S035818/1NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH064476NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH080290Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 082384/Z/07/ZWellcome Trust 211374/Z/18/Z
Abstract
objectivesEstimates of depression prevalence in pregnancy and postpartum are based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) more than on any other method. We aimed to determine if any EPDS cutoff can accurately and consistently estimate depression prevalence in individual studies.
methodsWe analyzed datasets that compared EPDS scores to Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) major depression status. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to compare prevalence with EPDS cutoffs versus the SCID.
resultsSeven thousand three hundred and fifteen participants (1017 SCID major depression) from 29 primary studies were included. For EPDS cutoffs used to estimate prevalence in recent studies (≥9 to ≥14), pooled prevalence estimates ranged from 27.8% (95% CI: 22.0%-34.5%) for EPDS ≥ 9 to 9.0% (95% CI: 6.8%-11.9%) for EPDS ≥ 14; pooled SCID major depression prevalence was 9.0% (95% CI: 6.5%-12.3%). EPDS ≥14 provided pooled prevalence closest to SCID-based prevalence but differed from SCID prevalence in individual studies by a mean absolute difference of 5.1% (95% prediction interval: -13.7%, 12.3%).
conclusionEPDS ≥14 approximated SCID-based prevalence overall, but considerable heterogeneity in individual studies is a barrier to using it for prevalence estimation.
Indexed as
Depression, PostpartumMajor Depressive DisorderDepressionFemaleHumansPregnancyPrevalencePsychiatric Status Rating Scalesdepression prevalenceEdinburgh Postnatal Depression Scaleindividual participant data meta-analysismajor depressionstructured clinical interview for DSM
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