SynthesisNeurosurgical review2021
Glioma surgery with awake language mapping versus generalized anesthesia: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Neurosurgical review, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Awake surgery versus general anesthesia in the treatment of Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas - and the role of supplementary intraoperative techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of awake mapping on extent of resection and neurological outcomes of Low-grade gliomas: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of glioma treatment strategies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of intraoperative mapping during re-resection in recurrent gliomas: a systematic review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of anesthetic agents in awake craniotomy using monitored anesthesia care protocol: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of awake and asleep motor mapping in glioma surgery: A meta-analysis of 3011 patients.Neurosurgical review · 2024Pooled it
- Functional and oncological outcomes after right hemisphere glioma resection in awake versus asleep patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2024Pooled it
- Awake Craniotomy for Eloquent Region Glioblastoma Classified by Tumor Location-A Retrospective and Prospective Cohort Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Trial
- Awake Glioma Surgery with Intraoperative Mapping: Predictors of Language Outcome and Survival.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Persian Paradigm for Language Cortical Mapping: Development, Feasibility, and Evaluation.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of awake craniotomy versus general anesthesia for glioma resection: A systematic review.Surgical neurology international · 2026Review
- Cortical stimulation predicts language decline following SEEG radiofrequency thermocoagulation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Intraoperative Language Area Mapping: Cortico-Cortical Evoked Potential.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2025Review
- Delineation of three-dimensional tumor margins based on normalized absolute difference mapping via volumetric optical coherence tomography.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Filling the gap: brief neuropsychological assessment protocol for glioma patients undergoing awake surgeries.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Predictors for delayed awakening in adult glioma patients receiving awake craniotomy under monitored anesthesia care.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- The arcuate fasciculus: Combining structure and function into surgical considerations.Brain and behavior · 2023Review
- Beyond Broca's and Wernicke's: Functional Mapping of Ancillary Language Centers Prior to Brain Tumor Surgery.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2023Review
- Passive functional mapping of receptive language cortex during general anesthesia using electrocorticography.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Monitored anesthesia care and asleep-awake-asleep techniques combined with multiple monitoring for resection of gliomas in eloquent brain areas: a retrospective analysis of 225 patients.Chinese neurosurgical journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Awake craniotomy with language mapping is being increasingly applied to avoid postoperative language dysfunctions worldwide. However, the effectiveness and reliability of this technique remain unclear due to the paucity of studies comparing the awake craniotomy with general anesthesia. To determine the benefit of awake craniotomy for language, motor, and neurological functions, as well as other clinical outcomes, we searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database up to December 2019. Gray literatures were also searched. We included randomized and non-randomized controlled studies comparing awake craniotomy versus general anesthetic resection and reporting the language and neurological outcomes. Ten studies with 833 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled risk ratio (RR) suggested no significant differences in language and neurological outcomes between general anesthesia group and awake craniotomy group without electrical stimulation. Awake craniotomy with electrical stimulation, however, was associated with improved late language and neurological outcomes (≥ 3 months) versus general anesthesia with pooled RR of 0.44 (95% CI = 0.20-0.96) and 0.49 (95% CI = 0.30-0.79), respectively. Awake craniotomy with electrical stimulation was also associated with better extent of resection with the pooled RR of 0.81 (95%CI = 0.71-0.92) and shorter hospital stay duration with the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) of - 1.14 (95%CI = - 1.80 to - 0.48). This meta-analysis suggested that the application of awake craniotomy with electrical stimulation during glioma resection is associated with lower risks of long-term neurological and language deficits and higher extent of tumor resection, as well as shorter hospital stay duration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.