Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33089436›Full record

ArticleLifetime data analysis2021

The added value of new covariates to the brier score in cox survival models.

Glenn Heller

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lifetime data analysis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Glenn HellerDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering, 485 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York, 10017, USA. hellerg@mskcc.org.ORCID 0000-0001-9217-8348

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI Nicholas D Socci · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Inferential methods to assess the incremental value of new biomarkers in risk classification modelsR01CA207220 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI HELLER, GLENN · 2017 to 2019
$851k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS R01 CA207220
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Calibration is an important measure of the predictive accuracy for a prognostic risk model. A widely used measure of calibration when the outcome is survival time is the expected Brier score. In this paper, methodology is developed to accurately estimate the difference in expected Brier scores derived from nested survival models and to compute an accompanying variance estimate of this difference. The methodology is applicable to time invariant and time-varying coefficient Cox survival models. The nested survival model approach is often applied to the scenario where the full model consists of conventional and new covariates and the subset model contains the conventional covariates alone. A complicating factor in the methodologic development is that the Cox model specification cannot, in general, be simultaneously satisfied for nested models. The problem has been resolved by projecting the properly specified full survival model onto the lower dimensional space of conventional markers alone. Simulations are performed to examine the method's finite sample properties and a prostate cancer data set is used to illustrate its application.

Indexed as

Proportional Hazards ModelsSurvival AnalysisAlgorithmsHumansBrier scoreNested modelsProjection theoryProper score

Identifiers

PMID33089436
PMCPMC7855634

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.