Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33089017›Full record

ArticleAdvances in radiation oncology

Pediatric Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation: Long-Term Outcomes with Linear Accelerator (LINAC)-Based Radiosurgery.

Ethan M Glazener, Kenneth Lodin, Michael J Miller, Matthew J Frager, Javad Rahimian, Joseph C T Chen, Michael R Girvigian

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in radiation oncology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 56% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Stereotactic radiosurgery treatment of pediatric arteriovenous malformations: a PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ethan M GlazenerDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California.
Kenneth LodinDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California.
Michael J MillerDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California.
Matthew J FragerDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California.
Javad RahimianDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California.
Joseph C T ChenNeurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Michael R GirvigianDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, California.
Kaiser Permanente · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo analyze and report the long-term outcomes of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVM) treated with linear accelerator (LINAC)-based radiosurgery (LBRS) in the pediatric population. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A series of 34 pediatric patients (≤18 years old) who were treated between 2002 and 2016 were analyzed. All patients were treated with LBRS in a single fraction, with a median dose of 16.8 Gy to the 80% isodose line. Median age at treatment was 14.4 years (range 5.5-18.9). Median AVM volume was 2.91 mL (range 0.228-27.313). Median modified radiosurgery-based AVM score was 0.83 (range 0.18-2.96). The most common presenting symptom was intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (n = 22, 64.7%). Nine patients underwent intervention before LBRS, which included prior embolization or resection. Seven lesions were in eloquent locations, defined as basal ganglia, thalamus, or brainstem. Cerebral angiography was done to confirm obliteration.

resultsMedian follow-up time was 98 months (range 36-200 months). Twenty-two of the 34 lesions were obliterated (64.7%) with median time to obliteration of 37 months (range 14-79). No deaths occurred during the follow up period; however, two patients experienced ICH after treatment. Three other patients were treated for symptomatic radiation necrosis.

conclusionsTreatment of intracranial AVM with LBRS in the pediatric population is demonstrated to be safe and effective with long-term follow up.

Identifiers

PMID33089017
PMCPMC7560570
OpenAlexW3016402569

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.