ArticlePreventive medicine reports2020
Relationship between county-level crime and diabetes: Mediating effect of physical inactivity.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Does crime trigger genetic risk for type 2 diabetes in young adults? A G x E interaction study using national data.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Neighborhood Violence on Physical Activity Following the COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Order: A Multilevel Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Neighborhood factors and the geography of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia: an ecological based geospatial modelling study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Healthcare utilisation among low-income individuals affected by violence in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a retrospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The Associations Between Neighborhood Safety and Address Stability With HbA1c Levels Among Adults With Diabetes.AACE endocrinology and diabetesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This paper assessed the extent to which physical inactivity accounts for the relationship between the crime rate and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the United States. Using 2018 US county-level data, we compared unadjusted and adjusted prevalence of type 2 diabetes between high and low crime counties for 2,966 US counties. Average causal mediating effects of residents' reported physical inactivity were estimated for each comparison. Counties with a higher crime rate were more likely to have higher percentages of people with type 2 diabetes than counties with a lower crime rate, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors such as racial distribution, income level, food insecurity, and neighborhood walkability (adjusted coefficient for top 40% vs. bottom 40% of crime rate distribution = 0.36; p < 0.001). Over 60% of the adjusted relationship between county-level rate of crime and type 2 diabetes was found to be mediated by physical inactivity. This study reinforces potentially overlooked public health benefits of effective anti-crime measures via improved physical activity.
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Registered trials
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